The INDION Fluidised Media Reactor (FMR) uses the attached growth process for waste water/sewage treatment and recycle. It incorporates a single tank unit, consisting of a bar screen chamber, specially designed floating media to facilitate the attached growth process, oxygen transfer through diffused membrane aeration, lamella settler and chlorine contact tank. The system is available in mild steel and reinforced concrete.
The FMR works on the same principle as the submerged fixed film process with only one exception - the media is not fixed and floats around in the aeration tank. The main advantage of this system over the submerged fixed film process is that it prevents choking of the media. This also avoids sludge recirculation. Compared to conventional technologies the FMR is compact, energy efficient and user friendly. It also allows flexibility in design of the reactor tank. The advantages of the INDION FMR are many –
Unique single tank design, no moving parts & easy maintenance.
Attached growth process, with specially designed moving media.
Compact and modular design.
Minimal pumping and chemical cost, low operating cost.
Flow rate for sewage treatment exceeding100 m3/d.
Applications of FMR include decentralised compact sewage plants for housing complexes, hotels, commercial complexes, industries and rural communities. It can also be used in industrial waste treatment in industries such as food & beverage, textile, pulp & paper, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, petrochemicals and dairy production.
Orders for the INDION fluidised media bed reactor for sewage treatment include Reliance India Ltd., ICC – Pune, SDM Technoengrs (Satyam Computers) and JK Cement, Rajasthan
Saturday, April 21, 2007
Fluidised Media Reactor (FMR)
Environmental Entrepreneur,Green Biz.NRN Murthy of Infosys says that we Indians are weak in execution.We need to realize the need and practice of gud project management. Form a group of competent Managers,Give them responsibilities and review the project from day One.
Tuesday, April 17, 2007
nano generator
The day when you can charge your cell phone or iPod just by going for a stroll around the block could be a step closer, thanks to a "nano-generator".
About a year ago, Zhong Lin Wang of Georgia Tech in the US discovered that, when he disturbed zinc oxide nanowires, they gave off a tiny electrical current, a phenomenon called piezoelectricity. At the time, he had to use the tip of an atomic force microscope – a $250,000 instrument – to create about one-billionth of a watt of power. Not exactly energy efficiency.
But with his latest experiment, Wang has improved his design at least a thousand-fold. Using gold nanoparticle as seeds, he grew a small forest of 1-micron-high zinc oxide wires on a conductive substrate 2 millimetres square. Then he placed a saw-toothed electrode on top, which is designed to make contact with as many nanowires as possible. Finally, by rattling the whole thing with ultrasound, he found that he could generate a few microwatts of electricity.
That is still only a few millionths of a watt. But, by using ultrasound, the team demonstrated that they can activate the generator using any form of vibration. The movement of the top electrode disturbs the nanowires, providing a potential power source for anything that moves.
Furthermore, nanowires can be chemically grown on virtually any substrate, including metals, polymers, and anything else that could double as an electrode. The wires also precipitate from solution at 70°C, making them easy to grow under normal laboratory conditions.
Human implants
The generator suffers from a few key limitations, however. First, growing uniform nanowires is difficult – they are usually of slightly different height or diameter. As a result, in a generator containing many thousands of nanowires, only a few hundred or so successfully generate electricity when shaken, as they do not all make contact with the electrode. That hurdle must be overcome in order to charge large, power-hungry devices.
But Wang believes the nano-generator could be ideal for powering tiny devices, including those that may be implanted inside the human body. "Imagine self-powered force-sensors implanted in blood vessel walls, taking your blood pressure. Or generators in your shoes that can charge devices while you walk," he says.
Almost any device that could use a wireless, mobile power source could potentially use the nanogenerator, Wang says: "I have full confidence that within three years we will have something that is useful commercially."
Journal reference: Science (vol 316, p 102)
http://www.newscientisttech.com/article/dn11553-nanogenerator-could-power-tiny-devices.html
About a year ago, Zhong Lin Wang of Georgia Tech in the US discovered that, when he disturbed zinc oxide nanowires, they gave off a tiny electrical current, a phenomenon called piezoelectricity. At the time, he had to use the tip of an atomic force microscope – a $250,000 instrument – to create about one-billionth of a watt of power. Not exactly energy efficiency.
But with his latest experiment, Wang has improved his design at least a thousand-fold. Using gold nanoparticle as seeds, he grew a small forest of 1-micron-high zinc oxide wires on a conductive substrate 2 millimetres square. Then he placed a saw-toothed electrode on top, which is designed to make contact with as many nanowires as possible. Finally, by rattling the whole thing with ultrasound, he found that he could generate a few microwatts of electricity.
That is still only a few millionths of a watt. But, by using ultrasound, the team demonstrated that they can activate the generator using any form of vibration. The movement of the top electrode disturbs the nanowires, providing a potential power source for anything that moves.
Furthermore, nanowires can be chemically grown on virtually any substrate, including metals, polymers, and anything else that could double as an electrode. The wires also precipitate from solution at 70°C, making them easy to grow under normal laboratory conditions.
Human implants
The generator suffers from a few key limitations, however. First, growing uniform nanowires is difficult – they are usually of slightly different height or diameter. As a result, in a generator containing many thousands of nanowires, only a few hundred or so successfully generate electricity when shaken, as they do not all make contact with the electrode. That hurdle must be overcome in order to charge large, power-hungry devices.
But Wang believes the nano-generator could be ideal for powering tiny devices, including those that may be implanted inside the human body. "Imagine self-powered force-sensors implanted in blood vessel walls, taking your blood pressure. Or generators in your shoes that can charge devices while you walk," he says.
Almost any device that could use a wireless, mobile power source could potentially use the nanogenerator, Wang says: "I have full confidence that within three years we will have something that is useful commercially."
Journal reference: Science (vol 316, p 102)
http://www.newscientisttech.com/article/dn11553-nanogenerator-could-power-tiny-devices.html
Environmental Entrepreneur,Green Biz.NRN Murthy of Infosys says that we Indians are weak in execution.We need to realize the need and practice of gud project management. Form a group of competent Managers,Give them responsibilities and review the project from day One.
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