Low cost Arsenic Fluoride Filter

LOW COST ARSENIC & FLUORIDE FILTER

INTRODUCTION:

What are the possible health effects of arsenic in drinking water?

According to a 1999 study by the National Academy of Sciences, arsenic in drinking water causes bladder, lung and skin cancer, and may cause kidney and liver cancer. The study also found that arsenic harms the central and peripheral nervous systems, as well as heart and blood vessels, and causes serious skin problems. It also may cause birth defects and reproductive problems.

WHO Standards for Arsenic:

The World Health Organizations (WHOs) current provisional guideline for arsenic in drinking water is 10 ppb. In India, states like Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhnad, West Bengal, Assam, Manipur, mainly in Ganga-Meghna-Brahmaputra (GMB) plain covering an area of about 569749 sq km with a population of over 500 million have reported serious illnesses due to presence of arsenic.

                                   

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TECHNOLOGIES AVAILABLE FOR ARSENIC FLUORIDE  REMOVAL:

Activated Alumina and Reverse Osmosis (RO) are the only two methods for removing fluoride and arsenic.

About Activated Alumina

 

Activated alumina is a filter media made by treating aluminum ore so that it becomes porous and highly adsorptive. Activated alumina will remove a variety of contaminants including excessive fluoride, arsenic and selenium. The medium requires periodic cleaning with an appropriate regenerate such as alum or acid in order to remain effective. During the process about 5–10% of the alumina is lost and the capacity of the regenerated medium is reduced by 30–40%. The activated alumina needs replacement after 3–4 regenerations

 

FLOW CHART :
Pond/well---Pump---Iron Filter----Activated Alumina Filters---Activated Carbon Filter----UV Tube disinfection----Collection Tank----Supply by 20 Ltr JAR

DESCRIPTION OF PARTS OF THE SYSTEM :

The Iron filter with iron removal media is very high efficiency in Iron, turbidity and bacterial removal.


The Activated Alumina Filter removes both Arsenic and Fluoride. This is a WHO approved conventional method applied all over the world..

The Activated Carbon filter removes residual colour ,odour and Iron. Also it removes the bad effects of activated alumina.

UV Tube disinfects the water before supply.

Source of Water : Pond, WellTo provide 10 liters per capita per day (LPCD) of safe drinking water for drinking and cooking purposes in areas affected by fluoride, arsenic, heavy metals and pesticides. 

Quantity: 3000 Liter per day (For 300 persons @10 liter per person per day ).

Project Cost: .Equipment cost will be around Rs. Three Lac only. Building and other infrastructure cost extra.
To design a system we need

1. The total quantity of water to be treated

2. A water test is recommended.

FOR A SINGLE HOUSE: 1000LPH FRP Vessel Filter with Arsenic fluoride media .Cost:Rs.40,000/=

LOW COST CANDLE FILTER FOR HOME WITH MEDIA FOR IRON ,FLUORIDE & ARSENIC (IFA)REMOVAL     

                      

sr no	Item	Specification
1	Filter Body	Three Chamber of 20 Liter each
2	Candle Filter(Tripura Type)	01
3	Plastic Tap	25/=
4	Media	3kg Alumina, 1 kg Carbon(replace after six month
5	Stand	MS, 1 No

 

FOUR KALSHI FILTER AT VILLAGE( Removes Iron, Fluoride, Arsenic)

Description 

A homemade, four-pitcher filter unit, one of the simplest and most inexpensive ways treat drinking water. The first pitcher contains coarse sand. The second contains  activated alumina, third pitcher contains activated carbon, and the fourth collects the filtered water. 

A sari cloth is sometimes used as an additional filter between the top 2 kalshi. 

Benefits

• Simple
• Excellent microbial removal, Iron Removal,Fluoride and Arsenic Removal
• Can be constructed of local materials
• Cost:Minimum

Drawbacks

• Fragile
• Low flow (1-2 litres / hr.)
• Irregular flow rate, requires frequent cleaning
• Availability of activated alumina

Cost :Rs.500/=

Operating & Maintenance: replacement of activated alumina after two months

CONTACT : Saleem Asraf Syed Imdaadullah, 09899300371(Delhi)

                     Rakib Hussain (Mobile: 9859171561,Guwahati.)

ENVO PROJECTS,NEW DELHI. www.saleemindia.blogspot.com

Rural Low Cost Arsenic Fluoride Removal System for Drinking Water

NOTE: COPY RIGHTS : TO AVOID COPYRIGHT VIOLATIONS, ALL POSTS ARE SHOWN ALONG WITH SOURCES FROM WHERE ITS TAKEN.PLS CONTACT ME IN MY EMAIL SALEEMASRAF@GMAIL.COM , IF YOU ARE THE AUTHOR AND YOUR NAME IS NOT DISPLAYED IN THE ARTICLE.THE UNINTENTIONAL LAPSE ON MY PART WILL BE IMMIDIATELY CORRECTED.I have collected Articles i found interesting here so that i can read them at my leisure and they can be a good source of information the public.

Rural Low Cost Fluoride Removal System for Drinking Water

Guideline Values of Fluoride Standards in Drinking Water: The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends 1.0 mg/L of fluoride concentration in drinking water (WHO, 1984) and the Bureau of Indian Standards IS 10500:2012 recommends requirement (acceptable) limit of 1 mg/L and permissible limit of 1.5 mg/L in drinking water sources.

There are five processes available for the treatment fluoride contaminated water. They are

• Rain water harvesting (Most Preferred in villages)
• Using surface water like ponds and wells with low Fluoride content
• Activated Alumina Filter  (The Best Absorbant)
• Nalgonda technique. and
• Reverse osmosis process (RO)

Read More http://www.appropedia.org/Water_defluoridation

Read even more on : http://www.bibliotecapleyades.net/salud/salud_fluor23.htm

The World Health Organization created the following flowchart to aid in the decision making process

Red clay is being used to remove fluoride which may be a low-cost alternative to Activated Alumina, Bone charcoal and Reverse Osmosis (RO).

WATER TREATMENT CSIR TECHNOLOGIES

http://www.slideshare.net/indiawaterportal/water-treatmentcsir-neeriindovation-201523-january-2015

Source Article : http://www.slideshare.net/ghosh51/fluoride-contamination-in-ground-water

FOUR KALSHI FILTER AT VILLAGE( Removes Iron, Fluoride, Arsenic)

Description 

A homemade, four-pitcher filter unit, one of the simplest and most inexpensive ways treat drinking water. The first pitcher contains coarse sand. The second contains  activated alumina, third pitcher contains activated carbon, and the fourth collects the filtered water. 

A sari cloth is sometimes used as an additional filter between the top 2 kalshi. 

Benefits

• Simple
• Excellent microbial removal, Iron Removal,Fluoride and Arsenic Removal
• Can be constructed of local materials
• Cost:Minimum

Drawbacks

• Fragile
• Low flow (1-2 litres / hr.)
• Irregular flow rate, requires frequent cleaning
• Availability of activated alumina

Cost :Rs.500/=

Operating & Maintenance: replacement of activated alumina after two months

CONTACT : Saleem Asraf Syed Imdaadullah, 09899300371(Delhi)

                     Rakib Hussain (Mobile: 9859171561,Guwahati.)

ENVO PROJECTS,NEW DELHI. www.saleemindia.blogspot.com

Another Low Cost Method:: NEERI JAR http://www.slideshare.net/indiawaterportal/water-treatmentcsir-neeriindovation-201523-january-2015

 DNGM FOUNDATION ACTIVATED ALUMINA CANDLE FILTER FOR ARSENIC REMOVAL
http://www.dngmresfoundation.org/content_details.php?left_menu=43

read more on http://www.affws.in/auroaquasafe

pls watch video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=79KDgzBcCWk

INREM FOUNDATION, AHMEDABAD
basic cost of activated alumina is Rs 200 to 300 per filters. plus activated charcoal Rs 25 to removal traces of aa which is harmful, rest buckets say around rs 200, and other material together , basic making cost wld be around rs 600 to rs 800.--sunder.

ENVIS CENTER,Cheaper filters to remove arsenic
http://www.daenvis.org/success.htm Activated Alumina Granule

Domestic filterThree variations of domestic filter, all using AA, have been developed by BEG, and sponsored by UNICEF since   1999. The first was made with a steel  casing and used around three kg ofAA (costing Rs.100/kg or &1.20), but the second reduced this to one kg because it had a special porous candle (tripura), which  removes the iron prior to arsenic filtration. the flow rate has to be slow enough to ensure that there is sufficient time for the arsenic to be absorbed. The candle is made locally by baking clay, sand and rice husk in a   mould then leaving it to cure over a period of about twenty days. The second filter was cheaper because it has a ferro cement casing, but this makes it heavier - 35 kg. It is also necessary to backwash or blow air

back through the candle to displace the iron oxide sediment.  This can be a health risk.  

The third filter, developed in September 2003 by S. Smithers and J. Arnold for BEG, has fine-tuned the second design to make it cheaper, more user friendly, durable and hygienically sound, while reducing the overall weight by about five kg

READ MORE ABOUT FILTERS IN http://www.daenvis.org/success.htm

self-exploration and Quran, Islam(Hanafi Fiqh)

In our culture, the idea of self-exploration does not exist and people have taken beliefs and ideas to be for granted.Do you accept that without reading or understanding the Holy Quran ?

When a query comes before me, I refer to the Qur’an Shareef. If I find the answer recorded in the Qur’an then I do not turn to anything else.

If after searching through the Qur’an Shareef I do not find a solution to my problem I refer to the Hadith. If I find the answer in the Hadith, then I do not refer to anything else.

Furthermore, if I do not find any solution in the Hadith then I adopt the view (ijtihaad) of Imaam Abu Hanifah (Rahmatullahi Alayh).

It appears in the Hadiththat when Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam) dispatched Hadhrat Mu’aaz (Radiyallahu Anhu) to Yemen, he asked him, “What procedure will you adopt when passing decisions in the affairs of the Muslims?” Mu’aaz (Radiyallahu Anhu) replied: “I will decide in accordance to the Qur’an.” Nabi (Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam) then asked him: “If a law is not found in the Qur’an then what will you do?” He replied, “I will refer to the Ahaadith of Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam).” Nabi (Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam) then questioned him: “If the ruling is not found in the Ahaadith, then what will you do?” He replied: “I will employ my ability of reasoning (ijtihaad) in reaching a conclusion.” Upon hearing this, Nabi (Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam) said: “All praise be to Allah who inspired the messenger of Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam)Mu’aaz (Radiyallahu Anhu) with the correct guidance.” (Tirmizi – Kitaabul Ahkaam – 1/247)

Read more in http://ihyaauddeen.co.za/?p=wsvoeuwwif&mode=list&paged=232