Potash and Sand filter for water treatment

Source:http://www.livestrong.com/article/71333-use-potassium-permanganate-water-treatment/

The potassium permanganate dose needed for oxidation is 0.94mg per milligram of iron and 1.92mg per milligram of manganese. Rates of oxidation will depend on the pH. Iron oxidation can occur within 10 minutes if the pH is 7.2 or more, but can require an hour if the pH is 6.9, according to the University of Iowa. Manganese oxidation will be slower. It requires less than one hour only at a pH of 9.5 or above. You may need a detention tank to give adequate time for iron and manganese to oxidize. If you are treating taste and odor, use doses of potassium permanganate ranging from 0.25 to 20mg per liter according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

Source::http://www.cwejournal.org/vol7no1/reverse-osmosis-pretreatment-removal-of-iron-in-groundwater-desalination-plant-in-shupramant-giza-a-case-study/

iron was removed in groundwater before passing through reverse osmosis membranes as pretreatment technique to avoid membrane fouling. Different pretreatment techniques are done to remove iron and save the membrane.

Many processes affecting the iron removal from the groundwater are applied in this case study. From the performance comparison between conventional and specific pre-treatment methods, we concluded that, every applied method has advantages and disadvantages in application. The most suitable pretreatment  technique for iron removal (concentration less than 5 mg/l) is a granular activated carbon (GAC) filter which has higher adsorption capacity and leads to low
operating cost.

The depth of the GAC media is estimated based on the average contact time in this media, which is recommended to be 10 to 12 min. For example, if a filter is designed for a surface loading rate of 4 m3/m2 h, the depth of the GAC media should be at least 0.66 m (4 m3/m2 h ×10 min/60 min per h=0.66 m to 4 m3/m2 h ×12 min/60 min per h=0.8 m, i.e., 0.66 0.8 m)15. For the following reasons28, we used the granular activated carbon in the adsorption of ferrous.

Potassium Permanganate and Depth Filtration

Conventional treatment for iron removal from groundwater consists of oxidation and depth filtration. Oxygen or stronger oxidants, such as potassium permanganate (KMnO4), are generally used for Fe 2+oxidation. The solid products of oxidation (FeOOH.H2O) are then filtered through a granular bed, commonly green sand19. The potassium permanganate dose applied must be carefully controlled to minimize any excess passing into supply which could give a pink color to the water. Potassium permanganate oxidation tends to form a colloidal precipitates which may not be well retained by the filters.

Detailed description of water treatment

http://slideplayer.com/slide/5014325/

sand-anthracite filter for iron removal

A sand-anthracite filter or dual media filter/multi-media filter is primarily used for the removal of turbidity and suspended solids as low as 10-20 microns. Inside a sand-anthracite filter is a layered bed of filter media. The bed is graded from bottom to top as follows:

1st layer	=	gravel support bed
2nd layer	=	2mm filter sand
3rd layer	=	fine filter sand
4th layer	=	anthracite

 Anthracite has a high affinity for iron, especially when it is coated with potassium permanganate, and is therefore often employed for iron and manganese removal.

Well water iron treatment, Drinking Water Treatment - Potassium Permanganate

 Its an age old method to use potassium permanganate(1% solution) in the well water and then pass it through slow sand filter. It removes Iron from well water.

 potassium permanganate(1% solution)  is effective against: dissolved iron, manganese and hydrogen sulfide.

. Potassium permanganate is a point-of-entry treatment method that oxidizes dissolved iron, manganese, and hydrogen sulfide into solid particles that are filtered out of the water. It can also be used to control iron bacteria growth in wells.

Potassium permanganate is available as a dry, purplish solid. A device injects a solution of potassium permanganate into the water between the water pump and holding tank.

Potassium permanganate oxidizes iron, manganese, and hydrogen sulfide into particles. The particles are then filtered with a multimedia filter which can be either manganese-coated aluminum silicate above manganese-treated green sand or an 8-inch layer of anthracite above manganese-treated greensand. If an insufficient amount of iron, manganese, or hydrogen sulfide is oxidized prior to filtration, the manganese coating on the filter media acts as a backup oxidant to treat any remaining contaminant. If too much potassium permanganate is fed into the water prior to filtration, the excess potassium permanganate serves as a regenerant for the filter media. The water should be colorless when it leaves the filter.

When treating water to remove iron bacteria, a solution of potassium permanganate is fed into the well. A concentration of 3.8 to 7.6 grams per gallon has been found to be very effective. After the solution is added in the well, continuous agitation will help loosen and disintegrate sediment and organic material produced by the bacteria, thus enhancing treatment effectiveness. Agitation can be accomplished by turning the well on and off, which brings water up through the well casing and then lets it fall back into the well.

Potassium permanganate is poisonous and irritates skin, so handle it carefully and ensure that there is no excess potassium permanganate in the treated water. The chemical gives water a slight pink tint. Water should be colorless after treatment.

Adapted from: Wagenet,L., K. Mancl, and M. Sailus. (1995). Home Water Treatment. Northeast Regional Agricultural Engineering Service, Cooperative Extension. NRAES-48. Ithaca, NY.

Source of the article:: http://articles.extension.org/pages/31569/drinking-water-treatment-potassium-permanganate

ENVO ARSENIC AND FLUORIDE REMOVAL FILTER FOR WHOLE HOUSE

ENVO ARSENIC AND FLUORIDE REMOVAL FILTER FOR WHOLE HOUSE

Two Models

A)For Whole House: ENVO ARSENIC AND FLUORIDE FILTER 1000 Liter per hour capacity

FLOW : Well water pumped In---Iron Filter---Arsenic Fluoride Filter----Collection Tank---pumped to overhead tank

B)For Point Of Use :KITCHEN : 

ENVO CANDLE FILTER 20 Liter per day capacity WITH FLUORIDE
AND ARSENIC REMOVAL
Maintenance Cost: Rupees Ten Per Day for 20 liter of water.

OPTION ONE: SS FILTER

OPTION TWO: PLASTIC FILTER

LOOKING FOR Associates all over Assam 

And NE States.

PLEASE CONTACT FOR ALL BUSINESS DETAILS::09859171561(Guwahati).

Head Office:  ENVO PROJECTS,(DELHI), 09899300371

WATER TESTING LAB AT GUWAHATI

Jalavikshan, +(91)-9864278211 , +(91)-9435045921 1st Floor,Techno Plaza Complex, M L Nehru Road, Panbazar, Guwahati - 781001, Near Pan Bazar Over Bridge

ASSAM TRIBUNE NEWS REPORT

Source of Article :http://www.assamtribune.com/scripts/detailsnew.asp?id=jan2916/at056

Groundwater contamination cases rising in State

Ajit Patowary
 GUWAHATI, Jan 28 - Cases of contamination of groundwater in the State are swelling up everyday, making groundwater unsafe for consumption. According to the official data, the number of the State’s districts which have got their groundwater contaminated by fluoride and arsenic has shot up to 22 and 21 respectively from 19 and 20 respectively in 2014-’15.

According to the data available with this newspaper, in 2014-’15, the arsenic affected districts of the State included Baksa, Barpeta, Bongaigaon, Cachar, Darrang, Dhemaji, Dhubri, Goalpara, Hailakandi, Jorhat, Kamrup, Karimganj, Kokrajhar, Lakhimpur, Morigaon, Nagaon, Nalbari, Sivasagar and Sonitpur.

This year, Tinsukia has also been found to be affected by arsenic, raising the number of affected districts to 21, said the sources.

Till 2013-’14, nine districts – Barpeta, Dhubri, Goalpara, Golaghat, Jorhat, Kamrup, Karbi Anglong, Karimganj and Nagaon – were found to be affected by fluoride.

But in 2014-’15, with the inclusion of Baksa, Cachar, Chirang, Darrang, Dibrugarh, Morigaon, Nalbari, Sivasagar, Sonitpur and Udalguri, the number of affected districts rose to 19.

In 2015-’16, with the inclusion of Bongaigaon, Lakhimpur and Tinsukia, the number of fluoride-affected districts have shot up to 22, sources said.

According to experts here, the trend of rise in the number of fluoride and arsenic affected districts should be studied, together with the impact of such contamination of groundwater, which is used by the people of many areas in these districts for the purpose of drinking as well as domestic use, on human and animal health.

Except in the two districts of Karbi Anglong and Nagaon, no comprehensive health impact studies of groundwater contamination in the rest of the districts has so far been known to have been conducted, said the experts. The origin of fluoride so far is known to be geogenic.

The State’s Department of Mining and Mineral may undertake such studies, involving also the Public Health Engineering Department (PHED), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Central Ground Water Board (CGWB) and the North Eastern Regional Institute of Water and Land Management (NERIWALM) in this regard, said the experts

GROUND WATER PROBLEM IN BIHAR 

Read full article http://hindi.indiawaterportal.org/node/52813

आर्सेनिक प्रभावित इलाके में चर्म रोग सबसे पहले दिखते हैं। इस गाँव में 28 प्रतिशत लोगों को हाईपर केराटोसिस और मेलोनोसिस 31 प्रतिशत लोगों में पाये गए। आँत की बीमारियों में 86 प्रतिशत लोगों को गैस्ट्रीक, 57 प्रतिशत लोगों को लीवर सम्बन्धी रोग, 46 प्रतिशत लोगों को पाचन और भूख की कमी जैसे रोग हैं। चौंकाने वाली सूचना यह है कि लोगों की प्रजनन क्षमता पर असर पड़ रहा है।

नपुंसकता (एजूसपरमिया) 9 मर्दों और 6 औरतों में बाँझपन दिखा। 137 महिलाओं का मासिक-चक्र बिगड़ गया है जो दूसरी बीमारियों का संकेत है। सबसे खतरनाक प्राथमिक और मध्य विद्यालयों के बच्चों में भी आर्सेनिकोसिस के गम्भीर लक्षण दिखना है। दस प्रतिशत बच्चों की हथेली और तलुवों में हाईपर केराटोसिस के लक्षण दिखने लगे हैं। स्कूल के बच्चे उस चापाकल का पानी पीने के लिये विवश हैं जिसके पानी में आर्सेनिक की उपस्थिति 100 पीपीबी से ज्यादा है।

उल्लेखनीय है कि विश्व स्वास्थ्य संगठन और अमेरीकी पर्यावरण सुरक्षा एजेंसी ने पेयजल में आर्सेनिक की अधिकतम सीमा 10 पीपीबी निर्धारित की है। पर भारत समेत कई देशों में इसे 50 पीपीबी मान लिया गया है। लेकिन इस पूरे गाँव के भूजल में आर्सेनिक 100 पीपीबी से अधिक है। अधिकतम स्तर 1908 पीपीबी दर्ज किया गया। पड़ोस के गाँव सिमरी में तो 1929 पीपीबी आर्सेनिक मिला। यह स्तर बिहार में सर्वाधिक है।

अब तक सर्वाधिक स्तर भोजपुर जिले के पांडेयटोला में 1861 पीपीबी पाया गया था

FLOW CHART :
Pond/well---Pump---Iron Filter----Activated Alumina Filters---Activated Carbon Filter----UV Tube disinfection----Collection Tank----Supply by 20 Ltr JAR

DESCRIPTION OF PARTS OF THE SYSTEM :

The Iron filter with iron removal media is very high efficiency in Iron, turbidity and bacterial removal.


The Activated Alumina Filter removes both Arsenic and Fluoride. This is a WHO approved conventional method applied all over the world..

The Activated Carbon filter removes residual colour ,odour and Iron. Also it removes the bad effects of activated alumina.

UV Tube disinfects the water before supply.

Source of Water : Pond, WellTo provide 10 liters per capita per day (LPCD) of safe drinking water for drinking and cooking purposes in areas affected by fluoride, arsenic, heavy metals and pesticides. 

Quantity: 3000 Liter per day (For 300 persons @10 liter per person per day ).

Project Cost: .Equipment cost will be around Rs. Three Lac only. Building and other infrastructure cost extra.
To design a system we need

1. The total quantity of water to be treated

2. A water test is recommended.

FOR A SINGLE HOUSE: 1000LPH FRP Vessel Filter with Arsenic fluoride media .Cost:Rs.40,000/=

         LOW COST CANDLE FILTER FOR HOME WITH MEDIA FOR IRON ,FLUORIDE & ARSENIC (IFA)REMOVAL     

                      

sr no	Item	Specification
1	Filter Body	Three Chamber of 20 Liter each
2	Candle Filter(Tripura Type)	01
3	Plastic Tap	25/=
4	Media	3kg Alumina, 1 kg Carbon(replace after six month
5	Stand	MS, 1 No

FOUR KALSHI FILTER AT VILLAGE( Removes Iron, Fluoride, Arsenic)

Description 

A homemade, four-pitcher filter unit, one of the simplest and most inexpensive ways treat drinking water. The first pitcher contains coarse sand. The second contains  activated alumina, third pitcher contains activated carbon, and the fourth collects the filtered water. 

A sari cloth is sometimes used as an additional filter between the top 2 kalshi. 

Benefits

• Simple
• Excellent microbial removal, Iron Removal,Fluoride and Arsenic Removal
• Can be constructed of local materials
• Cost:Minimum

Drawbacks

• Fragile
• Low flow (1-2 litres / hr.)
• Irregular flow rate, requires frequent cleaning
• Availability of activated alumina

Cost :Rs.500/=

Operating & Maintenance: replacement of activated alumina after two months

CONTACT : Saleem Asraf Syed Imdaadullah, 09899300371(Delhi)

                     Rakib Hussain (Mobile: 9859171561,Guwahati.)

ENVO PROJECTS,NEW DELHI. www.saleemindia.blogspot.com

Rural Low Cost Arsenic Fluoride Removal System for Drinking Water

NOTE: COPY RIGHTS : TO AVOID COPYRIGHT VIOLATIONS, ALL POSTS ARE SHOWN ALONG WITH SOURCES FROM WHERE ITS TAKEN.PLS CONTACT ME IN MY EMAIL SALEEMASRAF@GMAIL.COM , IF YOU ARE THE AUTHOR AND YOUR NAME IS NOT DISPLAYED IN THE ARTICLE.THE UNINTENTIONAL LAPSE ON MY PART WILL BE IMMIDIATELY CORRECTED.I have collected Articles i found interesting here so that i can read them at my leisure and they can be a good source of information the public.

Rural Low Cost Fluoride Removal System for Drinking Water

Guideline Values of Fluoride Standards in Drinking Water: The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends 1.0 mg/L of fluoride concentration in drinking water (WHO, 1984) and the Bureau of Indian Standards IS 10500:2012 recommends requirement (acceptable) limit of 1 mg/L and permissible limit of 1.5 mg/L in drinking water sources.

There are five processes available for the treatment fluoride contaminated water. They are

• Rain water harvesting (Most Preferred in villages)
• Using surface water like ponds and wells with low Fluoride content
• Activated Alumina Filter  (The Best Absorbant)
• Nalgonda technique. and
• Reverse osmosis process (RO)

Read More http://www.appropedia.org/Water_defluoridation

Read even more on : http://www.bibliotecapleyades.net/salud/salud_fluor23.htm

The World Health Organization created the following flowchart to aid in the decision making process

Red clay is being used to remove fluoride which may be a low-cost alternative to Activated Alumina, Bone charcoal and Reverse Osmosis (RO).

WATER TREATMENT CSIR TECHNOLOGIES

http://www.slideshare.net/indiawaterportal/water-treatmentcsir-neeriindovation-201523-january-2015

Source Article : http://www.slideshare.net/ghosh51/fluoride-contamination-in-ground-water

FOUR KALSHI FILTER AT VILLAGE( Removes Iron, Fluoride, Arsenic)

Description 

A homemade, four-pitcher filter unit, one of the simplest and most inexpensive ways treat drinking water. The first pitcher contains coarse sand. The second contains  activated alumina, third pitcher contains activated carbon, and the fourth collects the filtered water. 

A sari cloth is sometimes used as an additional filter between the top 2 kalshi. 

Benefits

• Simple
• Excellent microbial removal, Iron Removal,Fluoride and Arsenic Removal
• Can be constructed of local materials
• Cost:Minimum

Drawbacks

• Fragile
• Low flow (1-2 litres / hr.)
• Irregular flow rate, requires frequent cleaning
• Availability of activated alumina

Cost :Rs.500/=

Operating & Maintenance: replacement of activated alumina after two months

CONTACT : Saleem Asraf Syed Imdaadullah, 09899300371(Delhi)

                     Rakib Hussain (Mobile: 9859171561,Guwahati.)

ENVO PROJECTS,NEW DELHI. www.saleemindia.blogspot.com

Another Low Cost Method:: NEERI JAR http://www.slideshare.net/indiawaterportal/water-treatmentcsir-neeriindovation-201523-january-2015

 DNGM FOUNDATION ACTIVATED ALUMINA CANDLE FILTER FOR ARSENIC REMOVAL
http://www.dngmresfoundation.org/content_details.php?left_menu=43

read more on http://www.affws.in/auroaquasafe

pls watch video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=79KDgzBcCWk

INREM FOUNDATION, AHMEDABAD
basic cost of activated alumina is Rs 200 to 300 per filters. plus activated charcoal Rs 25 to removal traces of aa which is harmful, rest buckets say around rs 200, and other material together , basic making cost wld be around rs 600 to rs 800.--sunder.

ENVIS CENTER,Cheaper filters to remove arsenic
http://www.daenvis.org/success.htm Activated Alumina Granule

Domestic filterThree variations of domestic filter, all using AA, have been developed by BEG, and sponsored by UNICEF since   1999. The first was made with a steel  casing and used around three kg ofAA (costing Rs.100/kg or &1.20), but the second reduced this to one kg because it had a special porous candle (tripura), which  removes the iron prior to arsenic filtration. the flow rate has to be slow enough to ensure that there is sufficient time for the arsenic to be absorbed. The candle is made locally by baking clay, sand and rice husk in a   mould then leaving it to cure over a period of about twenty days. The second filter was cheaper because it has a ferro cement casing, but this makes it heavier - 35 kg. It is also necessary to backwash or blow air

back through the candle to displace the iron oxide sediment.  This can be a health risk.  

The third filter, developed in September 2003 by S. Smithers and J. Arnold for BEG, has fine-tuned the second design to make it cheaper, more user friendly, durable and hygienically sound, while reducing the overall weight by about five kg

READ MORE ABOUT FILTERS IN http://www.daenvis.org/success.htm

Why RO water purifier in the kitchen( Domestic 10 LPH Reverse Osmosis ) ???

There are advantages and disadvantages in every technology.

CASE STUDY: NEW DELHI.
The area where I stay in New Delhi,India, the ground water is contaminated because of Dirty Yamuna River flowing nearby. And there is no piped water from Govt. The only option for drinking is Domestic RO (10 LPH) at home or the 20 liter JAR supplied by PRIVATE water companies. And for all other purposes ,people are installing water softener in the bore well water..If they dont use water softener,then the domestic RO membrane gets damaged and is to be changed twice a year.

RO is the only technology which can remove Bacteria, Iron, fluoride, Arsenic and other chemical contaminants. Arsenic and other heavy metals in well water is one of the most dangerous aspects of drinking well water. So you should have a fail safe water purifier system for Arsenic by installing a Point of Use - RO water purifier in the kitchen where water for drinking and cooking is taken.Reverse Osmosis is though expensive, is available as domestic filter. Once the membrane is clogged, it cant filter water anymore, so you always get pure water. This is not so with any other technology.

What is the desirable quality of drinking water?

As per the Bureau of Indian Standards, the desirable quality of drinking water is that which has TDS (Total Dissolved Salts) content of 500 ppm or less (ppm stands for parts of the salt present in a million parts of water). Where water of this quality is not easily available, the compromise level is water having upto 2000 ppm.

It is to be borne in mind that in some places, iron salts may be present and if the content of iron salts is more than the permissible 0.4ppm, even if the total salt content is less than the desired level, the iron salts will have to be removed before drinking that water. There are also some pockets West Bengal and U.P. where the water contains Arsenic. This is poisonous and so here also the same rule applies. In some pockets again, fluoride salts may be present which affect the bones if that water is drunk. Using this water for non-potable purposes is however not harmful.

Another point to be remembered is that water with very low salt content is not very palatable and therefore where the total salt content is less than 500, reducing it to 10 or 20 by RO is not only meaningless from the point of view of wastage of water but also from the cost and loss of palatability aspects. In cases where the salt content is not much higher than 2000 ppm, a simpler route would be to harvest rainwater which will dilute the salts and bring it within potable limits progressively.

What is the Reverse Osmosis (RO) Process?

Reverse Osmosis (RO) technology has been used for years in various industries to separate dissolved solids from water by forcing the water through a semi-permeable membrane. RO is also commonly used to purify drinking water and desalinate seawater to yield potable water. The water and other molecules with lower molecular weight (specific weight of molecules allowed to pass through is dependent on the selected membrane) pass through the micropores in the membrane, yielding a purified water stream called the permeate. Larger molecules are retained by the membrane as well as a portion of the water that does not pass through the membrane. This concentrated stream is called the concentrate or RO reject.

REVERSE OSMOSIS PERCENT REJECTION CALCULATOR    http://www.apswater.com/calcs.asp

While RO is an effective method for handling wastewater, what to do with the concentrate or reject water (typically as much as 20-40% of the RO feed water volume) can be an issue. Specifically, the high salinity in RO reject / RO concentrate can make it prohibitive for discharge to a local sewer facility. Hauling the wastewater to a treatment facility can also be prohibitively expensive.

What can we do with the RO reject water?

In RO systems of small capacity suitable for domestic purposes, the rejected component may be as high as 40%. The process therefore is a wasteful one with much of the water having to be thrown away.

Diverting large volumes of this highly salty water into the sewage line could result in acting against the smooth movement of its contents. The reject will not be tolerated by normal garden plants. It will form deposits on the floor and sanitary ware. It is also not advisable to divert it to the septic tank.

If the water subjected to RO has less than 1000 ppm say, then the salt content in the reject water will not be much and it can be used for gardening or flushing. But the point is that this water need not be subjected to RO at all in the first place.

In Industries, we treat RO Reject by Solar evaporation or Forced evaporation.

evaporation is a time-tested methodology for reducing the water portion of water-based waste.

Typical RO reject / RO concentrate TDS concentrations are often in the range of 30,000 – 50,000 mg/liter. The salts in solution can range from highly soluble sodium and potassium salts to less soluble or reverse soluble calcium and barium salts.

Source Of Article :: http://www.indiawaterportal.org/questions/frequently-asked-questions-faq-reverse-osmosis-ro-systems

Iron filter with BIRM media and online air injector

Iron Max

- Chemical free - Iron, Manganese, and Hydrogen Sulfide Gas removal system

Part #

Media Cubic ft.

Tank Size

Pipe Size

Weight LBS

Service Flow Rate GPM

Price

Iron Max-12

2.0

12 x 52

1"

295

10gpm

$2,100.00

Iron Max-14

3.0

14 x 65

1"

474

11gpm

$2,402.00

Iron Max-16

4.0

16 x 65

1"

605

12gpm

$2,515.00

Iron Max-18

6.0

18 x 65

1.5"

870

14gpm

$3,027.00

Iron Max-21

7.0

21 x 62

1.5"

1040

18gpm

$3,274.00

Iron Max-24

10.0

24 x 72

2"

1525

26gpm

$4,192.00

Iron Max-30

15.0

30 x 72

2"

2375

40gpm

$5,782.00

Iron Max-36

20.0

36 x 72

2"

3100

59gpm

$6,503.00

Iron Max-42

30.0

42 x 72

3"

5025

79gpm

$9,511.00

Iron Max-48

40.0

48 x 72

3"

6625

102gpm

$11,920.00

http://www.raindancewatersystems.com/commercialfilters.html Birm does not require chemicals for regeneration, only periodic backwashing is required. When using Birm for iron removal, it is necessary that the water: contain no iron bacteria or hydrogen sulfide. If the influent water has a pH of less that 6.8, neutralizing additives such as Calcite or soda ash may be used to raise the pH. If chlorinating Birm will not remove any residual chlorine in the water. Birm may also be used for manganese reduction with the same dependability as iron removal. In these applications the water to be treated should have a pH of 8.0-9.0 for best results.
Hi tech digital 263/740i control valve. (1.0" connections standard, 3/4" available - please specify). The timer-based unit controls the backwash cycle, to assure dependability and high efficiency.


Air Injector.

Description

Item #

Price

8"x44" min. tank .75 Cubic Ft. media


691-B


$399

Buy Now

Free Shipping!


9"x48" min. tank 1.0 Cubic Ft. media


693-B


$449

Buy Now

Free Shipping!


10"x54" min. tank 1.5 Cubic Ft. media


695-B


$499

Buy Now

Free Shipping!


12"x48" min. tank 2.0 Cubic Ft. media


697-B


$549

Buy Now

Free Shipping

Add a Bypass valve to any Birm Filter for only $29: Buy Now Add an Air Injector to any Birm Filter for only $90: Buy Now For outdoor applications, we recommend you upgrade with an optional outdoor cover ($26.00) and transformer ($20.00) Please specify when ordering.
http://budgetwater.com/birm_filter.htm

Filter Media – BIRM

Iron and Manganese removal

Supplied in 25Kg bags

What it is and how it works

Birm is a black granular filter material used for removal of iron and/or manganese from water in pressure or gravity systems.

It contains an active insoluble catalyst to precipitate iron and/or manganese. Because the presence of iron is most common, iron removal is the usual application for Birm. Under suitable conditions, the iron and dissolved oxygen in water react on contact with the Birm filter bed and, as a result, the iron is precipitated in the form of hydroxide. This is a flocculent material which is filtered out in the bed of Birm. Periodic backwashing flushes out the accumulated iron and the Birm is again ready to perform its function. Birm is not consumed in the iron removal operation.

Advantages

·         No chemicals to purchase for maintenance. Regeneration not required.

·         Iron removal efficiency is extremely high.

·         Negligible labour cost. Only periodic backwashing required once in a week.

·         Durable material with a long life. It lasts 4-7 Years according to use.

·         Wide temperature range application.

Conditions necessary for the use of Birm

Iron Removal

·         No hydrogen sulphide present.

·         Organic matter not to exceed 4-5 ppm as indicated by the oxygen consumed value.

·         Oil must not be present.

·         A dissolved oxygen content of at least 15% of the iron. (Example Iron = 10ppm. Dissolved Oxygen = 1.5 ppm or more).

·         A pH of 6.5 or higher.

Note: The correction of waters having a pH of less than 6.5 can be accomplished by several methods. Provide Aeration.

Instructions for industrial and municipal installations

·         Bed depth: 30 ­ 38 inches.

·         Standard graded gravel supporting bed depth ­14 inches or more.

·         Service flow rate: not to exceed 4 GPM per square foot.

·         Freeboard space: 35 to 50% of bed depth.

·         Backwash whenever the pressure loss through the bed increases by 2 to 3 pounds per square inch. Backwashing is usually complete within 20 to 30 minutes.

Instructions for domestic installations

·         Bed depth: approximately 24 to 30 inches.

·         Standard graded gravel-supporting bed ­ 8 inches or more.

·         Service flow rate: not to exceed 5 GPM per square foot.

·         Freeboard space: 35 to 50% of bed depth.

·         Backwashing is recommended every 7 days to 2 weeks. In treatment of high iron content waters, backwashing more frequently is desirable.If 8 gallons per minute per square foot of bed are not available for backwashing fine Birm, an air wash is recommended. This may be accomplished by drawing air through an injector into the water for backwashing.