Potash and Sand filter for water treatment

Source:http://www.livestrong.com/article/71333-use-potassium-permanganate-water-treatment/

The potassium permanganate dose needed for oxidation is 0.94mg per milligram of iron and 1.92mg per milligram of manganese. Rates of oxidation will depend on the pH. Iron oxidation can occur within 10 minutes if the pH is 7.2 or more, but can require an hour if the pH is 6.9, according to the University of Iowa. Manganese oxidation will be slower. It requires less than one hour only at a pH of 9.5 or above. You may need a detention tank to give adequate time for iron and manganese to oxidize. If you are treating taste and odor, use doses of potassium permanganate ranging from 0.25 to 20mg per liter according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

Source::http://www.cwejournal.org/vol7no1/reverse-osmosis-pretreatment-removal-of-iron-in-groundwater-desalination-plant-in-shupramant-giza-a-case-study/

iron was removed in groundwater before passing through reverse osmosis membranes as pretreatment technique to avoid membrane fouling. Different pretreatment techniques are done to remove iron and save the membrane.

Many processes affecting the iron removal from the groundwater are applied in this case study. From the performance comparison between conventional and specific pre-treatment methods, we concluded that, every applied method has advantages and disadvantages in application. The most suitable pretreatment  technique for iron removal (concentration less than 5 mg/l) is a granular activated carbon (GAC) filter which has higher adsorption capacity and leads to low
operating cost.

The depth of the GAC media is estimated based on the average contact time in this media, which is recommended to be 10 to 12 min. For example, if a filter is designed for a surface loading rate of 4 m3/m2 h, the depth of the GAC media should be at least 0.66 m (4 m3/m2 h ×10 min/60 min per h=0.66 m to 4 m3/m2 h ×12 min/60 min per h=0.8 m, i.e., 0.66 0.8 m)15. For the following reasons28, we used the granular activated carbon in the adsorption of ferrous.

Potassium Permanganate and Depth Filtration

Conventional treatment for iron removal from groundwater consists of oxidation and depth filtration. Oxygen or stronger oxidants, such as potassium permanganate (KMnO4), are generally used for Fe 2+oxidation. The solid products of oxidation (FeOOH.H2O) are then filtered through a granular bed, commonly green sand19. The potassium permanganate dose applied must be carefully controlled to minimize any excess passing into supply which could give a pink color to the water. Potassium permanganate oxidation tends to form a colloidal precipitates which may not be well retained by the filters.

Detailed description of water treatment

http://slideplayer.com/slide/5014325/

sand-anthracite filter for iron removal

A sand-anthracite filter or dual media filter/multi-media filter is primarily used for the removal of turbidity and suspended solids as low as 10-20 microns. Inside a sand-anthracite filter is a layered bed of filter media. The bed is graded from bottom to top as follows:

1st layer	=	gravel support bed
2nd layer	=	2mm filter sand
3rd layer	=	fine filter sand
4th layer	=	anthracite

 Anthracite has a high affinity for iron, especially when it is coated with potassium permanganate, and is therefore often employed for iron and manganese removal.

Well water iron treatment, Drinking Water Treatment - Potassium Permanganate

 Its an age old method to use potassium permanganate(1% solution) in the well water and then pass it through slow sand filter. It removes Iron from well water.

 potassium permanganate(1% solution)  is effective against: dissolved iron, manganese and hydrogen sulfide.

. Potassium permanganate is a point-of-entry treatment method that oxidizes dissolved iron, manganese, and hydrogen sulfide into solid particles that are filtered out of the water. It can also be used to control iron bacteria growth in wells.

Potassium permanganate is available as a dry, purplish solid. A device injects a solution of potassium permanganate into the water between the water pump and holding tank.

Potassium permanganate oxidizes iron, manganese, and hydrogen sulfide into particles. The particles are then filtered with a multimedia filter which can be either manganese-coated aluminum silicate above manganese-treated green sand or an 8-inch layer of anthracite above manganese-treated greensand. If an insufficient amount of iron, manganese, or hydrogen sulfide is oxidized prior to filtration, the manganese coating on the filter media acts as a backup oxidant to treat any remaining contaminant. If too much potassium permanganate is fed into the water prior to filtration, the excess potassium permanganate serves as a regenerant for the filter media. The water should be colorless when it leaves the filter.

When treating water to remove iron bacteria, a solution of potassium permanganate is fed into the well. A concentration of 3.8 to 7.6 grams per gallon has been found to be very effective. After the solution is added in the well, continuous agitation will help loosen and disintegrate sediment and organic material produced by the bacteria, thus enhancing treatment effectiveness. Agitation can be accomplished by turning the well on and off, which brings water up through the well casing and then lets it fall back into the well.

Potassium permanganate is poisonous and irritates skin, so handle it carefully and ensure that there is no excess potassium permanganate in the treated water. The chemical gives water a slight pink tint. Water should be colorless after treatment.

Adapted from: Wagenet,L., K. Mancl, and M. Sailus. (1995). Home Water Treatment. Northeast Regional Agricultural Engineering Service, Cooperative Extension. NRAES-48. Ithaca, NY.

Source of the article:: http://articles.extension.org/pages/31569/drinking-water-treatment-potassium-permanganate

Startup-- having your own business, digital marketing

I CAN HELP YOU IN BUILDING YOUR OWN BUSINESS. I CAN HELP YOU ON DIGITAL MARKETING OF YOUR BUSINESS. 

NO NEED TO INVEST ANY MONEY. WORK FROM HOME. YOU ONLY NEED AN INTERNET CONNECTED LAPTOP.YOUR ONLY EXPENSE IS INTERNET BILL.

No need to register your company in the first year till your income is bellow rupees one lac.

SELECT WHAT YOU DO BEST. Always choose your strong point.Maybe its digital marketing of others products, web site making, SEO optimization , story writing, design making, social issues, problems of your area, educational awareness etc.

DIGITAL MARKETING THROUGH FACEBOOK AND TWITTER

After opening your own company from home, you should start digital marketing. You don’t require a lot of money to do marketing of your products.
Open a BLOG (www.saleemindia.blogspot.com ) and post content about your products.
Use facebook and twitter.
Open a page in facebook https://www.facebook.com/envoprojects/
And now open your own group in facebook.https://www.facebook.com/groups/205824293139146/
Discuss about your products, post photos.Photos attract more attention..

Also join many facebook groups on your chosen topic.Post your photos there.

Email marketing is best among all.  Tell in your emails how you will provide FREE SERVICE.
USE WHATSAPP ALSO TO LET YOUR RELATIVES AND FRIENDS KNOW WHAT YOU ARE DOING.. 

You need expert advice to efficiently do digital marketing.
                                              
                                             ENVO PRODUCTS

READ MY STRUGGLE STORY AT :

http://www.yourstory.in/entrepreneurs/non-tech-entrepreneurs/2290-saleem-asraf-syed-imdaadullah-founder-syed-envo-protect-i-pvt-ltd

SOLID SEPARATOR DRUM SCREEN FOR ETP FROM ENVO

SOLID SEPARATOR / DRUM SCREEN

IT IS USED FOR SEPARATING SOLID PARTICLES FROM LIQUID WASTE.

VIDEOS OF SOLID SEPARATOR DRUM SCREEN

SPECIFICATION OF DRUM SCREEN

SS 304 mesh with hole , Basket Size Diameter 1000 mm,

Length 2000 mm with inside conveyor & 

support roller, Elecon Make gear box & Crompton make 3

HP Motor and double chain sprocket

WE SUPPLY THIS ITEM ON ORDER.DELIVERY TIME 30 DAYS

ENVO COMPACT MBBR STP

ENVO COMPACT MBBR STP

ENVO COMPACT 50

OTHER MODELS

PRICE LIST OF COMPACT STP (SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT)

Capacity	Ex Delhi Cost
5  kld	Please contact for price
10 kld
25 kld
30 kld

   

50 kld
100 kld

Note:

1.Variation from our standard make or standard

design will vary the cost mentioned.

2.All Taxes Extra as applicable

3.All Transportation charges extra as actual.

An introduction to MBBR (moving bed biofilm reactor )/ FM Reactor/ FAB /FMR Reactor wastewater treatment

When communities of microorganisms grow on surfaces, they are called biofilms. Microorganisms in a biofilm wastewater treatment process are more resilient to process disturbances compared to other types of biological treatment processes.  Thus, biofilm wastewater treatment technologies can be considerably more robust especially when compared to conventional technologies like activated suldge process..

In the MBBR biofilm technology the biofilm grows protected within engineered plastic carriers, which are carefully designed with high internal surface area. These biofilm carriers are suspended and thoroughly mixed throughout the water phase. With this technology it is possible to handle extremely high loading conditions without any problems of clogging, and treat industrial and municipal wastewater on a relatively small footprint.

System description

The MBBR™ biofilm technology is based on specially designed plastic biofilm carriers or biocarriers that are suspended and in continuous movement within a tank or reactor of specified volume. The design of associated aerators, grids, sieves, spray nozzles and other integral parts to the reactor is also of great importance in making up the system as a whole .

The industrial and municipal wastewater is led to the MBBR™ treatment reactor where biofilm, growing within the internal structures of the biocarriers, degrade the pollutants.  These pollutants that need to be removed in order to treat the wastewater are food or substrate for growth of the biofilm.  The biocarrier design is critical due to requirements for good mass transfer of substrate and oxygen to the microorganisms  .  Excess biofilm sloughs off the biocarrier in a natural way .

An aeration grid located at the bottom of the reactor supplies oxygen to the biofilm along with the mixing energy required to keep the biocarriers suspended and completely mix within the reactor.

Treated water flows from reactor through a grid or a sieve, which retains the MBBR™ biocarriers in the reactor. Depending on the wastewater, the reactors are may be equipped with special spray nozzles that prevent excessive foam formation.

The MBBR is a biological aerobic degradation of organic pollutants. The process utilizes millions of tiny, polyethylene biofilm elements that provide a high surface area as a home for a vast, highly active bacteria culture. This fixed film process features a flexible reactor design, the ability to handle load increases without the need for extra tankage, and remains stable under large load variations, including temperature, strength or pH. Like the activated sludge process, the MBBR process utilizes the whole volume of an open tank. Unlike an activated sludge reactor, it does not require sludge return to operate effectively. In MBBR , addition of media quantity and Air Quantity is the Key Factor.

Total reactor volume of the MBBRs is designed for different hydraulic retention time for different types of waste water at average flows and than checked against peak flows. Essentially nutrient levels and DO levels are the only control points for the system.

Moving Bed Biofilm Bioreactor (MBBR) process uses the whole tank volume for biomass growth. It uses simple floating media, which are carriers for attached growth of biofilms. Biofilm carrier movement is caused by the agitation of air bubbles. This compact treatment system is effective in removal of BOD as well as nitrogen and phosphorus while facilitating effective solids separation.

Design and Construction Principles

Neutralised and settled wastewater passes through MBBR for reduction in BOD/COD. Most of the MBBR plants are provided with vertically or horizontally mounted rectangular mesh sieves or cylindrical bar sieves. Biofilm carriers are made up of high density (0.95 g/cm³) polyethelene. These are normally shaped as small cylinders with a cross inside and fins outside. The standard filling of carrier is  not more than 465 m²/m³. Generally, design load for COD-BOD removal is 20 g COD / m²d. Smaller carriers need smaller reactor volume at a given loading rate (as g/m²d) when the carrier filling is same. 

It is advisable to use MBBR in combination with a DEWATS  as a pre-treatment unit, depending on the local conditions and input characteristics. It is a very robust and compact alternative for secondary treatment of municipal wastewater, having removal efficiency for BOD 90 – 95% (low rate) and that of 75 – 80% for high rate. Average nitrogen removal is about 85%. There is no need for sludge recirculation. Phosphorus and faecal coliform reduction is feasible with additional passive (non-mechanical) or active (mechanical) system components.

A constantly operating MBBR does not require backwashing or return sludge flows. It has minimal head-loss. Coarse-bubble aeration in the aeration zone in the wastewater treatment tank provides ease of operation at low-cost. Agitation continuously moves the carrier elements over the surface of the screen thus preventing clogging. Maintenance of MBBR system includes screening, influent equalisation, clarifier system, sludge handling and integrated control system. There is no need to maintain f/M ratio as there is self-maintenance of an optimum level of productive biofilm. Skilled labour is required for routine monitoring and operations of pumps and blowers.

ENVO ARSENIC AND FLUORIDE REMOVAL FILTER FOR WHOLE HOUSE

ENVO ARSENIC AND FLUORIDE REMOVAL FILTER FOR WHOLE HOUSE

Two Models

A)For Whole House: ENVO ARSENIC AND FLUORIDE FILTER 1000 Liter per hour capacity

FLOW : Well water pumped In---Iron Filter---Arsenic Fluoride Filter----Collection Tank---pumped to overhead tank

B)For Point Of Use :KITCHEN : 

ENVO CANDLE FILTER 20 Liter per day capacity WITH FLUORIDE
AND ARSENIC REMOVAL
Maintenance Cost: Rupees Ten Per Day for 20 liter of water.

OPTION ONE: SS FILTER

OPTION TWO: PLASTIC FILTER

LOOKING FOR Associates all over Assam 

And NE States.

PLEASE CONTACT FOR ALL BUSINESS DETAILS::09859171561(Guwahati).

Head Office:  ENVO PROJECTS,(DELHI), 09899300371

WATER TESTING LAB AT GUWAHATI

Jalavikshan, +(91)-9864278211 , +(91)-9435045921 1st Floor,Techno Plaza Complex, M L Nehru Road, Panbazar, Guwahati - 781001, Near Pan Bazar Over Bridge

ASSAM TRIBUNE NEWS REPORT

Source of Article :http://www.assamtribune.com/scripts/detailsnew.asp?id=jan2916/at056

Groundwater contamination cases rising in State

Ajit Patowary
 GUWAHATI, Jan 28 - Cases of contamination of groundwater in the State are swelling up everyday, making groundwater unsafe for consumption. According to the official data, the number of the State’s districts which have got their groundwater contaminated by fluoride and arsenic has shot up to 22 and 21 respectively from 19 and 20 respectively in 2014-’15.

According to the data available with this newspaper, in 2014-’15, the arsenic affected districts of the State included Baksa, Barpeta, Bongaigaon, Cachar, Darrang, Dhemaji, Dhubri, Goalpara, Hailakandi, Jorhat, Kamrup, Karimganj, Kokrajhar, Lakhimpur, Morigaon, Nagaon, Nalbari, Sivasagar and Sonitpur.

This year, Tinsukia has also been found to be affected by arsenic, raising the number of affected districts to 21, said the sources.

Till 2013-’14, nine districts – Barpeta, Dhubri, Goalpara, Golaghat, Jorhat, Kamrup, Karbi Anglong, Karimganj and Nagaon – were found to be affected by fluoride.

But in 2014-’15, with the inclusion of Baksa, Cachar, Chirang, Darrang, Dibrugarh, Morigaon, Nalbari, Sivasagar, Sonitpur and Udalguri, the number of affected districts rose to 19.

In 2015-’16, with the inclusion of Bongaigaon, Lakhimpur and Tinsukia, the number of fluoride-affected districts have shot up to 22, sources said.

According to experts here, the trend of rise in the number of fluoride and arsenic affected districts should be studied, together with the impact of such contamination of groundwater, which is used by the people of many areas in these districts for the purpose of drinking as well as domestic use, on human and animal health.

Except in the two districts of Karbi Anglong and Nagaon, no comprehensive health impact studies of groundwater contamination in the rest of the districts has so far been known to have been conducted, said the experts. The origin of fluoride so far is known to be geogenic.

The State’s Department of Mining and Mineral may undertake such studies, involving also the Public Health Engineering Department (PHED), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Central Ground Water Board (CGWB) and the North Eastern Regional Institute of Water and Land Management (NERIWALM) in this regard, said the experts

GROUND WATER PROBLEM IN BIHAR 

Read full article http://hindi.indiawaterportal.org/node/52813

आर्सेनिक प्रभावित इलाके में चर्म रोग सबसे पहले दिखते हैं। इस गाँव में 28 प्रतिशत लोगों को हाईपर केराटोसिस और मेलोनोसिस 31 प्रतिशत लोगों में पाये गए। आँत की बीमारियों में 86 प्रतिशत लोगों को गैस्ट्रीक, 57 प्रतिशत लोगों को लीवर सम्बन्धी रोग, 46 प्रतिशत लोगों को पाचन और भूख की कमी जैसे रोग हैं। चौंकाने वाली सूचना यह है कि लोगों की प्रजनन क्षमता पर असर पड़ रहा है।

नपुंसकता (एजूसपरमिया) 9 मर्दों और 6 औरतों में बाँझपन दिखा। 137 महिलाओं का मासिक-चक्र बिगड़ गया है जो दूसरी बीमारियों का संकेत है। सबसे खतरनाक प्राथमिक और मध्य विद्यालयों के बच्चों में भी आर्सेनिकोसिस के गम्भीर लक्षण दिखना है। दस प्रतिशत बच्चों की हथेली और तलुवों में हाईपर केराटोसिस के लक्षण दिखने लगे हैं। स्कूल के बच्चे उस चापाकल का पानी पीने के लिये विवश हैं जिसके पानी में आर्सेनिक की उपस्थिति 100 पीपीबी से ज्यादा है।

उल्लेखनीय है कि विश्व स्वास्थ्य संगठन और अमेरीकी पर्यावरण सुरक्षा एजेंसी ने पेयजल में आर्सेनिक की अधिकतम सीमा 10 पीपीबी निर्धारित की है। पर भारत समेत कई देशों में इसे 50 पीपीबी मान लिया गया है। लेकिन इस पूरे गाँव के भूजल में आर्सेनिक 100 पीपीबी से अधिक है। अधिकतम स्तर 1908 पीपीबी दर्ज किया गया। पड़ोस के गाँव सिमरी में तो 1929 पीपीबी आर्सेनिक मिला। यह स्तर बिहार में सर्वाधिक है।

अब तक सर्वाधिक स्तर भोजपुर जिले के पांडेयटोला में 1861 पीपीबी पाया गया था

FLOW CHART :
Pond/well---Pump---Iron Filter----Activated Alumina Filters---Activated Carbon Filter----UV Tube disinfection----Collection Tank----Supply by 20 Ltr JAR

DESCRIPTION OF PARTS OF THE SYSTEM :

The Iron filter with iron removal media is very high efficiency in Iron, turbidity and bacterial removal.


The Activated Alumina Filter removes both Arsenic and Fluoride. This is a WHO approved conventional method applied all over the world..

The Activated Carbon filter removes residual colour ,odour and Iron. Also it removes the bad effects of activated alumina.

UV Tube disinfects the water before supply.

Source of Water : Pond, WellTo provide 10 liters per capita per day (LPCD) of safe drinking water for drinking and cooking purposes in areas affected by fluoride, arsenic, heavy metals and pesticides. 

Quantity: 3000 Liter per day (For 300 persons @10 liter per person per day ).

Project Cost: .Equipment cost will be around Rs. Three Lac only. Building and other infrastructure cost extra.
To design a system we need

1. The total quantity of water to be treated

2. A water test is recommended.

FOR A SINGLE HOUSE: 1000LPH FRP Vessel Filter with Arsenic fluoride media .Cost:Rs.40,000/=

         LOW COST CANDLE FILTER FOR HOME WITH MEDIA FOR IRON ,FLUORIDE & ARSENIC (IFA)REMOVAL     

                      

sr no	Item	Specification
1	Filter Body	Three Chamber of 20 Liter each
2	Candle Filter(Tripura Type)	01
3	Plastic Tap	25/=
4	Media	3kg Alumina, 1 kg Carbon(replace after six month
5	Stand	MS, 1 No

FOUR KALSHI FILTER AT VILLAGE( Removes Iron, Fluoride, Arsenic)

Description 

A homemade, four-pitcher filter unit, one of the simplest and most inexpensive ways treat drinking water. The first pitcher contains coarse sand. The second contains  activated alumina, third pitcher contains activated carbon, and the fourth collects the filtered water. 

A sari cloth is sometimes used as an additional filter between the top 2 kalshi. 

Benefits

• Simple
• Excellent microbial removal, Iron Removal,Fluoride and Arsenic Removal
• Can be constructed of local materials
• Cost:Minimum

Drawbacks

• Fragile
• Low flow (1-2 litres / hr.)
• Irregular flow rate, requires frequent cleaning
• Availability of activated alumina

Cost :Rs.500/=

Operating & Maintenance: replacement of activated alumina after two months

CONTACT : Saleem Asraf Syed Imdaadullah, 09899300371(Delhi)

                     Rakib Hussain (Mobile: 9859171561,Guwahati.)

ENVO PROJECTS,NEW DELHI. www.saleemindia.blogspot.com