SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN VARIOUS INDIAN CITIES

 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN VARIOUS INDIAN CITIES  .TAKEN  FROM  DOWN TO EARTH  MAGAZINE  (CSE)

 You can visit  the original source the read the  full article.

Decentralised treatment options introduced in new rules.

The earlier rules relied on costly centralised facilities for treating and disposing municipal wastes while approximately 50 per cent of it can be easily turned into compost at the local level. Thus, the draft rules have made the much-needed provision for providing incentives to decentralised waste treatment facilities. 

http://www.downtoearth.org.in/blog/a-clean-country-in-the-offing-with-new-solid-waste-rules-49484

Dear All,

First of all, I would like to ofeer Thanks for incorporating few new aspects like involvement of Informal Sectors (especially the Scrap Dealers) and also emphasising the Decentralised Composting and the Collection of Users' Charge. 
However, I would like to know the scopes for the following too .... 
(a) Adequate provisions with added importance on the Health Concern fo the Waste Pickers / Handlers, be it in case of House to House Collection of Segregated Solid Wastes or the Decentralised Composting or waste trasformation in the Informal Sectors like Scrap Dealers.
(b) Decentralisaion of all others aspects like Source Management, Collection, Segragation, Waste Transformation, M&E etc. apart from that in Composting.
(c) Emphasising the Labour intensive Approach for the decentralised activities, alongwith demotivating the highly mechanised process.
(d) Full stop for the unsustained Waste to Energy Approaches.
(c) Strict efforts for Monitoring and Evaluation

Proper redress for the abovesiad issues may eventually make the whole Solid Waste Management Approach more meaningful and result oriented.
Hoping for the Best and all success for "Near Zero" to "Zero Waste Plan" under each Municipalities.
Thanks and Regards.
Nripendra Kumar Sarma
Guwahati, Assam, India

Decentralised integrated solid waste, waste water and solar energy project at New Motibagh, New Delhi

please read http://www.downtoearth.org.in/blog/the-waste-conundrum-44092

Waste Water Management: About 70% of the 8 lakh litres of water supplied to the residents, that is, 5.6 lakh litres of waste water generated is treated in a decentralized waste water treatment plant within the campus using the Moving Bed Bio-reactor (MBBR) technology. There is a net savings of Rs.5 lakhs per annum due to direct and indirect savings from a decentralized Waste Water Treatment plant (WWTP) in the campus whose running cost is Rs.55.55 lakhs as opposed to the centralized sewerage system costing Rs.60.62 lakhs.  

The energy savings from 300 solar street lights at the GPRA complex, covering internal roads, common areas, parking lots and bunglows, help in saving Rs.32.28 lakhs per annum. Along with solar water heaters, the savings on electricity is close to Rs.35 lakhs a year.    

Therefore, a decentralised integrated solid waste, waste water and energy project for about 1000 households can achieve clean and green surroundings and financial savings to the tune of Rs.40-50 lakhs per annum

http://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/garbage-to-gold--29414

Garbage to gold  at mumbai

Though Gowariker and his colleagues are confident of the technology, they caution that refuse pelletisation is not the only or best way to deal with the growing urban garbage problem. Gowariker points out, "A product mix of compost and fuel pellets may be more appropriate, depending on the financial situation and the demand."

http://www.downtoearth.org.in/blog/delhi-s-solid-waste-a-systemic-failure-56776

Delhi’s solid waste: a systemic failure

What can Delhi do?

We need hybrid solutions. We need a landfill, but only for rejects and inerts. We need waste to energy, but then such plants should ensure that they run on segregated waste only. With over 50 per cent biodegradable waste, there is high potential to compost or generate biogas out of the segregated wet waste. And all this cannot work, unless we segregate at source. With over thousands of crores being spent on collection and transportation, time has come to think out of the box. We can learn from our neighbours and cities across India that are doing commendable work on waste management.

Look at the Alleypey model, where residents have taken it upon themselves to segregate and treat waste at source. It is the best model in the country on decentralised waste management. We can even look at Panjim; the municipal corporation not only ensures segregation at source, but also segregates dry waste into 30 different categories. And then there is Mysuru, Suryapet, Bobbili and a lot of other cities that are doing commendable work. They have adopted local solutions, not global to become zero-waste cities. The CSE has documented cities that are doing commendable work on waste management.

Government notifies new solid waste management rules

http://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/solid-waste-management-rules-2016-53443

http://www.downtoearth.org.in/blog/a-clean-country-in-the-offing-with-new-solid-waste-rules-49484

Segregation at source should therefore be at the heart of municipalities’ solid waste management system. The only city that has truly adopted segregation is Panaji. Municipal officials have ensured a citywide system that is designed to collect household waste on different days for different waste streams. This ensures separation. It is combined with penalties for non-segregated waste and has promoted colony-level processing as well. Most importantly, for the bulk of commercial establishments such as hotels it has a bag-marking system so that any non-compliance can be caught and fined.

In Kerala’s Alappuzha segregation happens differently. Here the municipality does not collect waste because it has no place to take it to for disposal. The city’s only landfill has been sealed by villagers who live in its vicinity. This withdrawal of the municipality from waste management has meant that the people have to manage their waste, or be drowned in it. They segregate and compost what they can. The compost is used for growing vegetables and plants in their homesteads. The problem is how to handle all the non-biodegradable waste—paper, plastic, aluminum tins, etc. This is where the government has stepped in. It promotes collection through the already well-organised informal waste-recycling sector. The municipality has ended up saving a huge capital cost it would have otherwise incurred for collection and transportation.

http://www.downtoearth.org.in/blog/solving-india-s-garbage-problem-53956

Waste smart cities  http://www.downtoearth.org.in/coverage/waste-smart-cities-54119

Is Quran relevant to Muslims only?

Instead of nonsensical novels, I  used to gift  assamese (quran  bodh)  and english  translation  (Pickthall)  of Quran to all my friends  from other  faiths. Because I believed that  quran is  for  all human beings.

In fact, the Quran addresses human beings as "Ya aiyuhal Nas" (O Humankind) directly 306 times and indirectly more than two thousand times in its over 6,000 verses. In contrast the Quran specifically addresses Muslim men and women (Ya aiyuhal Muslimun/Muslimat/Muslimatun/etc) by name only 49 times. 

Is Quran relevant to Muslims only? What about the humanity.

Read the full article 

http://www.islamicity.org/6509/qurans-message-for-humanity/

Is the Quran only for Muslims? If God is the Lord of the worlds (Quran Quran 1:2) and the Prophet is described as the messenger for the worlds (Quran 21:107) and the Quran is introduced as a reminder to the worlds, (Quran 68:52) then what is the relevance of the Quranic message to the world? How can the world, Muslims and non-Muslims, alike, benefit from the universal message of a universal and compassionate God? Can non-Muslims practice divinely revealed values without acknowledging their original source and without adhering to the total divine call?

In fact, the Quran addresses human beings as "Ya aiyuhal Nas" (O Humankind) directly 306 times and indirectly more than two thousand times in its over 6,000 verses. In contrast the Quran specifically addresses Muslim men and women (Ya aiyuhal Muslimun/Muslimat/Muslimatun/etc) by name only 49 times. How can anyone refuse to share a copy of the Quran with non-Muslims? In fact, the first revelation that the prophet received was first recited by the Prophet to non-Muslims.

Regardless, the Muslim scholarship, by and large, has inadvertently turned the Quran into a manifesto for Muslims only making the argument that Quran is a book of guidance for Muslims primarily. On top of this the use of the Quran has been limited to ceremonial recitation. Is there nothing for the non-Muslim creation of God in the book Muslims attribute to a Merciful and Compassionate God of all. Can a non-Muslim make use of the guidance of the Quran while still remaining outside the fold of Islam? Can Islam be practiced by non-Muslims in its normative sense without adhering to its form ritual structure?

Contrary to what some Muslims might believe the fact is that many human beings, regardless of their relationship with Islam, have on their own reached conclusions that the Quran introduced to the world through revelation. In a way, many non-Muslims have shown a better understanding of the message of the Quran even without fully identifying with Islam than shown by many Muslims.

You  can learn quran online on  your android smart  phone  by  downloading  from google playstore  https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=sa.edu.ksu.Ayat&hl=en

seven tips how to chat with a girl or woman

seven tips  how  to chat with a girl  or woman

1.She  needs  your ears ,  not your advice. Instead ask for her advice.She can  be very good.

2.SHE SHOULD BE THE  FOCUS: If you really wish to chat with her, make sure you are eager in her choices and ideas. Keep a balance between who texts first. Be a good listener and make sure you talk stuff which is interesting enough and wanted to be heard.

3.Don't behave like a desperate person.Don't comment on how sexy she is in the very  beginning.

 
 4.Don't insult her.or tell her how girls should be or how they shouldn't be. That pisses a girl off. 


  5.Don't tell her how rich you are and how many famous people you've met. Don't flaunt anything. 

6.Don't be a "Mr. Know it all" .Infact she may  know things better than  you.So listen to her.

7.Once you both have a comfort level, start with all the "bad past" or "what has happened so far in life" talks. 

Heart Attack - how to survive a heart attack when alone

NOTE FROM BLOGGER:

THE INTENTION OF THIS POST IS TO SHARE INFORMATION FOR THE BENEFIT OF ALL PEOPLE.PLEASE SHARE IT WITH YOUR RELATIVES AND FRIENDS.MAYBE IT WILL HELP SOMEBODY.ITS "SADAQA JAARIYAH" TO SPREAD KNOWLEDGE THAT HELPS OTHERS.

I have compiled the following as a reminder for myself and for those searching for similar advice.Go  for  health  check  up  If you are past the age of 30 ( once in six months recommended) 

Heart Attack  -  how  i  survived a heart attack  when  alone

Classical symptoms of a heart attack include:

Severe chest pain (like squeezing, or a heaviness, or pressing) at the central or left part of the chest, lasting usually for at least 20 min. The pain may also radiate to the left upper arm, neck or jaw. The pain may feel like a heavy weight on your chest, a squeezing or tightness around the chest, or indigestion/heartburn. Mild chest pain or discomfort in the chest, rather than sudden, crushing pain, is the most common symptom of a heart attack. however, many people, in fact, have a heart attack with little to no chest pain. Symptoms can be quite different from person to person, may appear in mild or severe forms, and may appear and recede and reappear over several hours. Some people can suffer a heart attack after showing only mild symptoms, or no symptoms at all

Other two prominent sign are

·         Profuse sweating and a feeling of impending doom.

·         shortness of breath, nausea,

WHY HEART ATTACK OCCURES::

Most cases of heart attack are caused by a blood clot forming in one of the blood vessels responsible for supplying blood to the heart. The resulting blockage deprives the heart of oxygen-rich blood, causing damage to the heart muscle, which progressively dies. 

Taking an aspirin – the most commonly taken blood thinning medication in the world – during a heart attack improves survival. Taking an aspirin during a heart attack may help as it prevents the clot from getting bigger, giving the body a chance to break down the blood clot. It's always a good idea to keep yourself prepared for a heart attack even if you yourself have no heart issues. A single (80 mg) aspirin can mean the difference between life and death for many people and an aspirin takes up very little space in your wallet or purse.

Nitroglycerin (SORBITRATE TABLET) has not been shown to prevent heart attacks or improve survival substantially during an attack. It is more useful for patients with angina, an altogether different condition where patients experience chest pain or discomfort when exerting themselves.”

Angina results from an imbalance in the supply and demand for blood to the heart, but it is due to a narrowed blood vessel and not to a clot that needs to be broken down. Taking nitroglycerin during such a situation may temporarily expand the narrowed blood vessel and relieve discomfort.

Should you experience a heart attack – regardless of whether you’re alone or in the presence of others – the very first thing to do is to go to  the hospital, ask somebody  to  drive  you  there. You need specialized treatment to be delivered to you as quickly as possible in order to save your heart muscle.

Just know that aspirin and staying calm can and will save your life DONT PANIC

FIRST HOUR IS THE GOLDEN HOUR:

About half of heart attack deaths occur in the first hour, before the victim reaches a hospital.^[3] Thus, if you experience a heart attack, it is essential to act quickly in order to maximize your chances of survival. Instead of waiting for the ambulance, go to hospital yourself. Taking aspirin/sorbitrate within the first five minutes of a heart attack, and receiving medical attention within the first hour, can mean the difference between life and death

MY HEART  ATTACK (19.04.2010.)

My wife has gone out to pickup  my  kids from  school bus stop.

No one is  at  home.

I was working on my computer since 9 Morning at my home office. Its about 1230 noon  time. Suddenly I fell down to the left side in the floor from  the chair without  any warning.

There was a fullness  and  heavyness in  the heart  area and breathlessness, perspiration on forehead and hands.. I  went  to  the  nearby bedroom and lie down on  the  bed.

And I  took one sorbitrate tablet under the tongue.. And I called my family doctor s.k.chauhan. He told  me  to immediately go to hospital   and  take two more  sorbitrate at 5  minutes interval.

I tried  my wifes  mobile,  but she  has not picked up phone. Than I  called sayeed  bhai over mobile and asked  him to  come  immediately to under my home balcony .Told  him that I have to  go  to  hospital  immediately as  I feared something is  wrong..

I called my  neighbor nafis bhai  over phone to come immediately  with  his  son as I know  that I  cant  walk down the  stairs  from the third floor flat where I stay. They will  have  to carry  me down to  the  car.

By  that  time my  wife arrived with my son. I told  her to  drop  the car keys to sayeed bhai who  is standing below  our  balcony. I asked  sayeed  bhai over  phone to start my car and with the help of  nafis  bhai and his  son  I came down from  my third floor flat.

Sayeed bhai was nervous while driving the car.  I told him not to worry. I asked him  to take me to the  hospital gate through which only ambulance is allowed,  I know  where that gate is.Because i surveyed that gate before. I knew someday i may have this  problem.

Sayeed bhai  took me ,wife  and son to emergency gate of Escorts heart Institute, New Delhi  which is  just 15  minutes away  from my home.

IN  EMERGENCY ROOM:  Once inside emergency room , I  stopped  thinking myself and the doctors  took over.  They immediately gave me one handful of tablets of aspirin.

Than they  took me  to  the heart  center. While going, I saw my wife and  son in the verandah from my bed. I will  never  forget  the expression on  their faces. I asked  my wife to call my parents.

In the  heart  center, they  gave me emergency care to  recover me. I heard the nurse say "do something doctor, patient is slipping and in great pain".I looked towards my ECG monitor, i know whats happening and than I  just closed my eyes and started praying to Allah and saying darud shareef continuously.. I heard the  attending doctor to  order a nurse to  push an emergency injection  and told  the nurses to count  to ten  and said I will come back. The nurses finally said I stabilized. Shilling near death experience of  life.

Than the main doctor Nishit Chandra came and told me that they will go for stenting one day later. They  cant do it immediately  as they have used an emergency injection. I said okay, do as you feel proper.

IN  HEART  CENTER: Before my coronary angiogram (20.04.2010.)

I was allotted a female nurse who stand s  near  me, never sits. They change duties but never leave me alone. I  have a bell also in the bed. With  oxygen mask and all the gadgets,  I cant talk. Just signal.

These people are very professional . I loved this very much at the hospital. 


OPERATING ROOM (21.04.2010.)  MORNING

When they are taking me to the operation  room, I  saw my mother  ,brother  toufique and brother in law rajib who came all the way from Guwahati, Assam. I  told my mother that I will  be okay insha allah, dont worry. She caressed my hairs and did not say anything.  My  father already  had open heart surgery long time back, so  she is calm, but my wife , I can never forget her crying face all  my life.

The room is kept at a cool temperature because of the hi-tech equipment, television screens and monitoring equipment. I was shivering there because of cold temperature. I was asked to move over on to the x-ray table from my bed, which is quite narrow  and  cold. . 

I was lying face up on the x-ray table and awake throughout this procedure and I was asked to lie flat and keep still as possible. I saw all  around me only female nurses/technicians and the  main  doctor nishit Chandra. He asked me  how I am feeling with a smiling  face. I said okay. He said  it will hardly take 15 minutes. He asked  me why I am shivering,  I  said  maybe  because of the cold  inside the room. He made  me comfortable with words.
Than they started putting all gadgets on my body and Inserted  IV set etc.

I have seen it  in the hospital, they  always tell  me what they are going to do with me before doing anything.

The doctor told me  he is  going to  make very  small cut  in my right groin. And if that  area is not successful ,they will cut  in the left groin. Now I know why  they shaved my both groin area before coming to operation  theater.

The right groin area is washed and disinfected and then numbed with an injection of local anesthetic. A small incision is made at the right  leg entry site, and a short plastic tube (sheath) is inserted into my right  leg artery. The catheter is inserted through the sheath into my blood vessel and carefully threaded to my heart or coronary arteries. I was feeling like ant bites inside my veins.

Contrast liquid is put through the catheter to help my blood vessels and organs show up better. I felt a warm HOT FLASH as the liquid is put into the catheter. Also get a headache .Doctor said it will go  away, don’t worry.

A series of X-rays are taken once the dye is injected. The X-ray machine is moved around me and the bed is moved to obtain the correct position. The x-ray machine  moved close to my chest and  also moved towards my head and from side to side. This enables a complete picture of the heart, arteries and valves to be taken. I was also watching in the monitor my veins.

The doctor told me that I have three arteries  blocked and they  will have to use two stents. I asked him  to look  at my kidney also. He smiled  and told  me it  will cost Rs3000 more for the dye. I said go for it. He smiled and  said I am his  one of the most knowledgeable patient. They rarely get such educated patient.

Doctor went out to discuss with my family and take permission to do  it.

ANGIOPLASTY:

During angioplasty, the balloon is blown up inside the coronary artery, squashing fatty deposits and widening the narrowed artery. Usually the catheter also carries a short hollow tube made of stainless steel (called a stent) which opens out as the balloon is blown up and is left inside your artery. It is like a tiny piece of scaffolding that holds the artery open.I was implanted with two stent of the drug eluting variety.

The procedure took approximately 45 minutes, not 15 minutes as he said.

AFTER THE PROCEDURE AT  ICU

They kept me at the operation  theater waiting room for one hour for any emergency.Than they shifted  me to the ICU.

The  nurses keep a pressure dressing, sandbag,  in place over the cut site of  my right  leg to stop bleeding. The nurse will check my blood pressure,  temperature,groin area and feet pulses frequently. They check frequently for swelling  in the cut area. The female nurse who  stand near  me frequently check the groin area for any bleeding.I was bleeding a little. She wipes by her gloved hand  any blood.

Arteries are high-pressure systems. The risk for significant bleeding after an invasive procedure is high. I was lying there  with no  movement  of the leg for  12 hours as they nurse told me.. 

The  nurse who  is attending to me gave me a lot of  water to drink. An increased fluid intake promotes excretion of the contrast medium, reducing the risk of toxicity (particularly to the kidneys). She  gave  me a bedpan to  urinate  as I was urinating very  frequently. 

The nurse never allowed  me to move even to eat in the first day. The nurse will feed me tablets, coconut water, salad, fruits, oats always by her own  hand.   

RECOVERY ROOM:

The pictures shown are from  the recovery room. I was assigned one female  nurse .She  gave me medicines, fed  me food etc. She always stays outside the toilet when I am inside and never allowed me to lock from inside. The male nurse daily  gave  me a  shave.

I was also enjoying the TV also. They made me walk outside the room before discharging  me with the following advices.

After coming home: Five steps to follow  daily and regular  visit  after  every six months.

1. Maintaninng Blood pressure  by medicine  and salt  restriction.

2 .Maintaining Cholesterol by medicine and diet  control.

3. Maintaining  Acidity by medicine

4.Using blood thinner as prescribed

5. Maintaining fitness  by walking  daily in  the nearby garden.

MORAL OF THE STORY:

May  Allah don’t give such  health problem to anybody in this world . Its  a big drain on  money  and mental condition  of the whole  family.

Change your attitude towards life. Do not look for perfection and CONTROL in everything in life.I understood that my livelihood (RIZQ)  cant be  taken by  anyone.  Put your  best  efforts in what you do and than leave the result to ALLAH. I have plan but Allahs plan is much better than mine. I have firm belief in ALLAH.  

Always sleep with a clean heart. I know many of us get wronged throughout the day or have gotten wronged in the past. Forgive. Not only forgive, but forgive and forget. Dont even hold a grudge against that person in your heart. Keep your heart completely pure.Forgive brothers and sisters before you sleep each night. this is one of the practices of the greatest people ever to live and this is how we will reach those highest levels of spirituality.

Forgiveness is good for your own well being, its about giving yourself permission to let go of the painful past.Forgiveness is not something we do for that particular toxic person,it is something we do for ourselves so we can move on to a better future.We forgive,not because that toxic person deserves it,but because we deserve peace, for a pure heart.
Read quran ,Sura 24:22 , sura 2:263 , sura3:133-134  , sura7:199, sura 15:85, sura 45:14

Ending this article with a hadith
Narrated by Abdullah ibn Amr, Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) stated:"Show mercy and you shall be shown mercy.Forgive others and you shall be forgiven by Allah."(Musnad Ahmad)

LOVE HUMANITY IRRESPECTIVE OF RELIGION, LOVE ANIMALS, TREES AND ALL OF GODS CREATIONS. IF YOU CAN NOT LOVE AND ADMIRE GODS CREATION, HOW CAN YOU THINK ABOUT ADMIRING THE GREATNESS OF GOD. 

Read more how to purify your heart: http://saleemindia.blogspot.com/2017/08/how-to-purify-your-heart-spiritually-in.html#ixzz57krcRuE7

SIX  WARNING  SIGNALS OF HIDDEN  HEART  PROBLEM:
1.Snoring,  2.Sexual problems  in men  &  women,  3.Gum  Problem,  4.Swelling  in leg  and  feet  5.Irregular  Heartbeat  6.Breathlessness  (Especially  while  taking Stairs or  walking)

PREVENTION IS BETTER THAN  CURE.

So please get  aware of this silent killer.

A chat with Dr. Devi Shetty, Narayana Hrudayalaya (Famous Heart Specialist) Bangalore

Qn1. What are the thumb rules for a layman to take care of his heart?
Ans:
1. Diet - Less of carbohydrate, more of protein, less oil
2. Exercise - Half an hour's walk, at least five days a week;
3. Quit smoking
4. Control weight
5. Control BP - Blood pressure and Sugar.

Q.What are the first aid steps to be taken on a heart attack?

Ans:Help the person into a sleeping position, place an aspirin tablet under the tongue with a sorbitrate tablet if available, and rush him to a coronary care unit, since the maximum casualty takes place within the first hour.
Q.How do you differentiate between pain caused by a heart attack and that caused due to gastric trouble?
Ans: Extremely difficult without ECG.

Q.Can a person help himself during a heart attack (Because we see a lot of forwarded e-mails on this)?
Ans: Yes. Lie down comfortably and put an aspirin tablet of any description  and sorbitrate tablet  under the tongue and ask someone to take you to the nearest coronary care unit without any delay and do not wait for the ambulance since most of the time, the ambulance does not turn up.

Q.What are the things one needs to take care of after a heart operation?
Ans : Diet, exercise, drugs on time , Control cholesterol, BP, weight. go for health checkups.

Glyceryl trinitrate (GTN)

GTN comes as tablets or sprays. You take a dose under your tongue as required when your angina pain develops. GTN is absorbed quickly into the bloodstream, from under the tongue. A dose works to ease the pain within a minute or so.You should always carry your GTN spray or tablets with you.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1910629/

How long people with chest pain should wait before calling an ambulance is a question familiar to general practitioners and emergency doctors.
The British Heart Foundation advises patients with known ischaemic heart disease that chest pain that lasts more than 15 minutes is probably a heart attack.2 Within this time patients are advised to use their glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) spray three times at five minute intervals before calling an ambulance.https://myheartsisters.org/2013/08/19/nitroglycerin/
http://www.netdoctor.co.uk/medicines/heart-and-blood/a6820/gtn-sublingual-tablets-glyceryl-trinitrate/