DISCHARGE CALCULATION FOR HOSPITAL 50 BEDED

DISCHARGE CALCULATION FOR HOSPITAL 50 BEDED

1.Without Laundry and Kitchen  ---- 15,000 liter per day
2. With Laundry and Kitchen  ---- 20,000 liter per day

Usually discharge is taken 500 liter per bed.

Treatment method:   MBBR with tube settler

Why Does the Muslim World Lag in Science?

Why Does the Muslim World Lag in Science?



Islam contributes to the Muslim world's lagging behind in science insofar as its tenets have not satisfactorily been reconciled with those of science. Islam's most deleterious effect may be to remove most Muslims from direct contact with science. Except for a brief exposure in school, there is little science in Islamic popular culture. 

KHISRI

KHISRI FORUM POSTS ON assamesesyeds.org

Khisri.....  the fast food on which i survived my bachelor days....

The North Indian Khichri or the South Indian Pongal, meet their more colourful and wholesome cousin in the Assamese (and Bengali) Khisri.

A rice and yellow moong lentil hot-pot, with diced vegetables - carrot, squash, beans, potato, etc. and a dash of pach-phoran, turmeric and sugar. In this case pach-phoran and turmeric is optional. Its the topping of pure ghee that makes it irresistible to me.

Ingredients for Khichdi 

1.3/4 cup rice (Basmati can be rich)

2.1/2 cup 70:30 mix of Arhar and Moong lentils

3.Some cabbage and cauliflower

4.2 potatoes

5.1 large sized tomato

6.2 carrots

7.1/4 cup green peas

8.3 tsp sugar

9.Some almonds, cashews and raisins

10.1 tsp each, garam-masala and vegetable-masala

11.2 tsp each, turmeric and salt

12.Elaichi, coriander powder, cinnamon and pepper as per taste

13.1 tbs refined oil or, pure ghee

Preparation of Khichdi 

Soak the rice and lentil mix for 15 minutes.

Meanwhile, chop the vegetables into small pieces and mix it with the ingredients listed in 10, 11 and 12. Heat the refined oil or ghee in a 2 litre pressure cooker. Add chopped vegetables when ghee is hot, and mix well.

Add the ingredients listed in 9 and continue stirring until the vegetables gain a reddish tinge. Add sugar and then the soaked rice-lentil combo while stirring briskly. Finally, add water to fill the cooker until half it is half full. Replace the lid of the cooker and allow to cook until the third whistle.

Add a topping of pure ghee and serve this warm khichdi to your room mate. Enjoy the khichdi ... It is highly nutritious and delicious.

MY HAJ 2008 PHOTOS IN FLICKR

My HAJ 2008 Photos https://www.flickr.com/photos/saleemindiablog/

HAJ 2008 PHOTOS

How to do tamattu  haj

PRIMARY AIM OF HAJJ :

To remain at all times focused on the primary aim of his Hajj: to plead to

The Almighty to forgive his sins and to bless him with The Straight Path for

the remainder of his life. it is the starting point of one's commitment to

cast away one's bad ways and to begin afresh a new Allah-centred life.

A. Some useful information (Advisory) for hajj:

1. Medicines: Take medical prescription alongwith you. Most pilgrims will

suffer from one or more of the following: sore throat, coughing, frequent

sneezing, runny nose , fever, leg cramp , foot sore. Bring enough supplies of over the counter medicine on advice of your personal doctor with his rubber stamped prescription containing his registration number

. This will reduce the need to make frequent trips to the makkah medina indian

pharmacy and also lower your out of pocket expenses.

2. Take multivitamins daily as you may not be eating a balanced diet

there. You may want to consider a diet of plain water, jamjam water, dates and fruits as this will reduce the need to go to the toilet frequently. This diet may also help to keep you more alert and not make you feel 'sleepy'. You will thus

have more time to worship.

3. The Hajj pilgrimage involves a lot of walking. If you don't go for daily

walks at home, begin it well before your journey to The Holy Land. This will

reduce the likelihood of getting muscle pulls and cramps. The tawaf, sa'ee,

and the frequent daily walks to The Mosque will help to improve your health.

Do not stop this habit of walking when you return home. You must to be in

the best of health to concentrate fully on your worship wherever you are.

4. You are never more than a foot from another pilgrim when you are in

Mecca during the peak period of the pilgrimage. Cover your nose and mouth

with a mask when you leave your hotel/apartment to reduce the likelihood of

infection. You can get a good quality washable mask at the pharmacies

there.

5. If you wear glasses, bring along an extra pair, preferably one with a

plastic frame. The likelihood of your glasses falling down and being stepped

on by sudden movements of the crowd are high. As an additional cover, bring

along your glass prescriptions as well. There are optical shops near The

Mosque. It is common for those wearing glasses to remove it and place it in 

front before starting their prayer. Never do this in both mosques. The

likelihood of your glasses being stepped on by others is 99%.

6. Flatulence (passing of wind) is an important cause of the loss of wudu. In

the crowd packed Holy Mosques, this can be a big problem. Avoid or reduce

the intake of food that contribute to this problem. If this is a serious

problem for you, consult your doctor. Both herbal and other medications

[antacid antiflatulent] are now available to reduce the occurrence of

flatulence.

7. It is very important that the pilgrim wears his identification tag at all

times he/she is out of his place of accommodation

B. Location map of Kaba and medina in the brain

If I am standing facing the door of the Kaba, On my left its Hazre Aswad ,

than on my right its Hateem and on my back its makame ibraheem and

further behind its zam zam.

Tawaf starts from the black stone hazre aswad. During the peak Haj period, DO NOT attempt to kiss The Black Stone hazre aswad.
We used to sit in mataaf facing the kaaba door till all our companions gather at the same place. Similarly we used to gather near the iron gate near jannatul baqi in medina till all our companions gather. Only after that we used to go to our home together. 

Other Items You should Take Along:

1. A 20 Inch suitcase with name, address, passport no, cover no written outside.

2. A small carry bag

3. A warm bed sheet

4. A small bag for Stones to be collected at muzdalifa to throw stone at satan at mina

5. Small Torch

6. Two sets of Ihram ( one towel set and one Cotton set)

7. Towel, small, big, one each

8. Hawai Sappal

9. Watch

10. Cotton Shirts and pant

11. A sweater

12. A waist Belt

13. Tissue papers

14. Medicines with prescription
15. Mobile phone
16. tayammum earth

Common medicines required are :

Imodium(Stomach problem), Paracetamol(Fever), Ibuprofen (Pain Releif),Neosporine ointment,Vaselin (For feet), Multivitamines and your regular medicines as given by your doctor.

Medication during Hajj

Gastrointestinal and respiratory infections are very common during Hajj . Carry certain medicines with you for use later.

PREVENTIVE ANTIBIOTICS: Ask your doctor to prescribe a broad-spectrum antibiotic to be taken prophylactically (i.e., as a preventive measure) throughout your stay in Saudi Arabia. This writer's (saleem) doctor prescribed 250 mg of the antibiotic CIPLOX250 to be taken daily once. I never contracted any disease during my stay there but all my team members suffered this and that.

Some people were prescribed AMOXICILLIN in place of CIPLOX250 by doctors and pharmacists with good results. 

1. Take Medicines with prescription

Carry a reasonable supply of over-the-counter drugs such as :

1.Ibuprofen (for pain)

2. TYLENOL PM (as a sleep-aid)

3. BENGAY, ASPERCREME (for muscular pain)

4. IMMODIUM (for diarrhoea)

5. EMETROL (for nausea)

6. Anti Allergic like Cetzine10, Allegra120

7.Paracetamol (Fever),

8. COUGH Syrup

9. MULTI-VITAMINS,

10. ANTI-BACTERIAL CREAM (for cuts) Neosporine ointment, Vaselin(dry weather)

11.BAND-AIDS, Cotton, Dettol

b. Take multivitamins daily as you may not be eating a balanced diet

c. You may want to consider a diet of  jum jum water, dates and fruits as this

will reduce the need to go to the toilet frequently. This diet may also

help to keep you more alert and not make you feel 'sleepy'. You will thus

have more time to worship.

How to do tamattu  haj

7th zil hajj ;

do ghusl , REMOVE CAP, wear ihram, pray two rakats sunnat and make niyyat for hajj tamattu.

go to kaaba , do tawaf & SAYEE. If u do sayee now,no need to do sayee in tawaf e ziyarat ( FARZ TAWAAF on 10th zul hajj ) .

8 th zul hajj : Spend the day & nite at Mina. Pray five salaats.

we were sent to arafah from mina on the nite itself .

9 th zul hajj: Day of Arafah : From dhuhr to asr, "STAND UP" for prayers & pleadings at arafah maidan ( inside tent ). Arafah is Hajj.

after sun set at arafat ,we went to mujdalifah and stayed the nite there under open sky ( no tent ) . its too kold at nite but u cant wear anything as u r in ihraam  , collected 70 pebbles at mujdalifah.

10th zul hajj: day of Qurbaani :

on the morning of 10 th zilhaj , u offer fazr prayer at mujdalifah and immidiately move to mina with the stones in hand to stone the big satan.

Five things are to be done serially one after another on the 10th day. You cant break the series atall. or you will have to offer a dum ( a sheep ).

the series is as follows :

1. Stone the big satan ( only the big satan, not the other two) with seven pebbles . u can throw pebbles on behalf of other persons also who cant throw themselves.

2. Do the qurbani ( if you personally want to do the jawah of the sheep than u will have to go to makkah to do so, since we gave the duty of doing the qurbani to a saudi govt. bank , we did not went to makkah, instead we rested at our tent in mina and waited for the qurbaani time to be over )

3.  Shave off hair ( After the qurbaani time is over )

4. Took off Ihraam ( After shaving )

5. immidietly went to makkah to do tawaf e ziyarat ( FARZ TAWAAF ) . In tawaf e ziyarat , we have not done Ramal, Izteba, and sayee.

6. After farz tawaf ,we came back to mina to stay the nite at mina tents.

 11 th zul hajj . you stone the three satans , each of them with seven stones after dhuhr prayer ( not before noon ). stay at mina.

 12 th zul hajj . you stone the three satans , each of them with seven stones after dhuhr prayer ( not before noon ). And now, you must leave mina boundary line before maghrib to makkah. if u miss this  , u will have to stay one another day at mina and stone the satan...he he he....and nobody wants to live in mina for another nite,

You have now completed Hajj Tamattu Minus Tawaf Al Wada  ( Farewell Tawaf )

BEFORE U LEAVE :

Before coming back to Home (India) , u do Tawaf al wada .

By now , by the grace of almighty Allah your tamattu haj is complete.

 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

MY OWN HAJ EXPERIENCE IN 2008

( 03.11.2008) we boarded a  plane at Guwahati Airport (The first direct flight from Guwahati to Jeddah Non Stop) noon time and reached jeddah at maghrib. And travelled by bus to makkah and at isha time we offered our FIRST prayer in life DIRECTLY infront of Kaaba. 
I just cant describe the feeling here. Seeing is only believing. Go for it man when you are young and energetic.

shaving off your head at Mina during haj

Here is one of my haj experience that you may find interesting and informative 
...
at makkah u find barbers to shave off your hairs easily. so many of them are there....shouting at you...kom here kom here...

But on the 10th zulhijjah, at mina, you will not find barbers easily. and you cant shave yourself or your male relative cant shave you if he has not shaved his hair .We want to take off Ihraam fast , so, i searched and searched frantically but could not find any.

nobody there take chances with unknown people . But I asked one boy whether he will shave me, he said yah yah, why not. and now listen how he shaved me. i gave him my razor. he opened the razor set and took out the blade. holding the blade by hand he shaved me in 10 minutes flat. and my head was red here and there with cuts.

my mom was not worried about the cuts , she was worried about the unknown boy and probable infection. i Told mom that I carried the blade from Delhi. (MY OWN BLADE)

After that , i shaved my father and took almost one hour to shave him, isko dekh kar shamim bhai dar gaye and he took a round of the tents at mina aur shamim bhai ko kisi ne kar diyaa ganja,

Summery of the story : Take your own blade with u when u go there. and dont take unnecessary risks.

I think the book "HOJOLOI OLAOK " in assamese compiled by syed sayeedur rahman is the most easy to follow and step by step haj guide book I have ever found. email: sayeedbinjamal@gmail.com

BIO TOILET IN TRAINS

Bio toilets ppt from SrinivasaRao Guduru

WASTE MAPPING

World Waste Map is honest and real - let's show together where the garbage is!

It all begins with little steps - let's do more than just notice the waste. Let's put it on a map and create together a powerful tool to communicate the illegal dumping issue. Later, the collected data can be used to prepare the logistics for the local cleanups.

World Waste Map is a free tool we have created for you and your friends, your neighbors. It's for everyone to map illegal waste locally and globally. You can simply download the application to your mobile 
Source : http://www.letsdoitworld.org/mapthewaste

slaughter house discharge calculation

Calculation for discharge for a slaughter house:

Standards :

Waste water will be 1000 liter/buffalo and 100 liter/ goat., 3 liter / chicken(European Standard).

=================================

Calculation :

A. For Goat / Sheep :

Discharge is 3 cu mtr per ton of goat / sheep

One goat weighs 25 Kg

100 goat weighs = 100 x 25 = 2500 kg= 2.5 ton

Discharge in 100 goats = 3 x 2.5 = 7.5 Cu mtr = 7500 liter

============================

B. FOR CHICKEN

Discharge is 1.7 Cu Mtr per ton of chicken

One chicken weighs 1.5 kg

500 chicken weighs = 500 x 1.5 = 750 kg =0.75 ton

Discharge in 500 chicken=0.75x1.7=1.275cu mtr=1275 liter

TOTAL DISCHARGE = 7500 + 1275 = 8775 liter per day

LET US DESIGN FOR A TOTAL DISCHARGE 10,000 liter per day

DATA:
Water usage at plants such as this tend to be affected by the attitudes of both the in-house operators and the local veterinary inspectors to water usage and conervation. My experience of typical "normal" unit loads, (european experience), that can be achieved at a well run slaugher facility are set out below:
Cattle: 0.9 m3 /head and 3.5 kg BOD /head. (This includes an allowance for washing of livestock pens, and delivery vehicles, running / recovery of casings and edible fat, normal slaughtering aspects, very good blood collection, but excludes any allowances for cooking of cuts, pressing of paunch or belly grass materials, or for other value added processing). 

Pigs: 0.5 m3/head, and 0.6 kg BOD per head. (This also includes an allowance for washing of livestock pens, and delivery vehicles, running / recovery of casings, normal slaughtering aspects, very good blood collection, but excludes any allowances for cooking, curing, or other valued processing). 

Sheep: 0.08m3/head and 0.35 kg BOD per head processed.
(This too includes an allowance for washing of livestock pens, and delivery vehicles, running / recovery of casings, normal slaughtering aspects, very good blood collection, but excludes any allowances for cooking or other value added processing). 

Read more: http://saleemindia.blogspot.com/2012/04/calculation-of-discharge-in-animal.html#ixzz3E7fsxvas
Under Creative Commons License: Attribution

DAIRY ETP ONE MLD CAPACITY UASB BHOLA BABA DAIRY ALIGARH

DAIRY EFFLUENT TREATMENT PLANT (ETP) ONE MLD CAPACITY.BHOLA BABA DAIRY ALIGARH, 2007

TREATMENT FLOW CHART: DAF, UASB FOLLOWED BY ASP & FILTERS

Ms Bhole Baba Milk food Industries Ltd. is situated at khair road, Aligarh

The Dairy  handle about 10-lac litre of milk every day. Depending on the season, major differences occur in the quantities of milk received from cooperative milk federation and in the use of butter, butter oil and milk powder. The value added products manufactured will be Casein,Milk Protien Concentrate,Lactose-Both Food &Pherma,Demineralised Whey Protien,Whole Milk Powder,Skimmed Milk Powder, & White Butter In Bricks Form, with future planning to produce processed Cheese/Mozerella.

Generation of Waste Water:

Waste water is generated mainly from Receiving Station, Bottling plant, Cheese Plant, Butter Plant, Casein Plant, Condensed Milk Plant, Dried Milk Plant, Ice Cream Plant, Water Softening units, Cooling towers, Bottle and can washing sections and Various CIP systems,

Normally it is Cleaning of floors, equipment, etc., and domestic waste from the dairy and staff quarters.

The unit will release an amount of estimated 10-lac litre of effluent every

BASIS & DESIGN DATA:

The designing of the plant is based on the basis of parameters of generated effluent from similar type of plant, which engaged in processing of milk and manufacturing Pure Ghee & Milk powder.

CHARACTERISTICS OF GENERATING EFFLUENT WATER:

The values of incoming wastewater at ETP is as under:

S.No.	Parameter	Unit	Value
1.	pH		6.0 – 10.5
2.	Total Suspended Solids	Mg/l	1500.0 – 2000.0
3.	B.O.D.	Mg/l	1500.0 – 1800.0
4.	C.O.D.	Mg/l	2500.0 – 3500.0
5.	Oil & Grease	Mg/l	150.0 – 250.0
6.	Rated capacity of ETP	KL/Day	1,000.0

What is Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket?

Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket, or UASB, is a form of anaerobic (oxygen-free) digester used in wastewater treatment. It is a methane-producing digester which uses an anaerobic process and forming a blanket of granular sludge and is processed by anaerobic microorganism.

UASB was developed in 1970s by Letinga in the Netherlands. It is essentially a suspended growth system in which proper hydraulic retention time (HRT) and organic loading rate (OLR) is maintained in order to facilitate the dense biomass aggregation known as granulation.

In the UASB process, the whole waste is passed through the anaerobic reactor in an upflow mode, with a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of only about 8-10 hours at average flow. No prior sedimentation is required. The anaerobic unit does not need to be filled with stones or any other media; the upflowing sewage itself forms millions of small "granules" or particles of sludge which are held in suspension and provide a large surface area on which organic matter can attach and undergo biodegradation. A high solid retention time (SRT) of 30-50 or more days occurs within the unit. No mixers or aerators are required. The gas produced can be collected and used if desired. Anaerobic systems function satisfactorily when temperatures inside the reactor are above 18-20°C. Excess sludge is removed from time to time through a separate pipe and sent to a simple sand bed for drying.

The design of UASB pond is a function of:

§  COD input of wastewater

§  Flow of wastewater

§  Organic loading rate

§  Hydraulic retention time

These are the 4 top applications of the UASB reactors:

o    Breweries and beverage industry

o    Distilleries and fermentation industry

o    Food Industry,Dairy, Slaughter Houses.

o    Pulp and paper

Together, these four industrial sectors account for 87% of the applications. However, the applications of the technology are rapidly expanding, including:

1.      treatment of chemical and petrochemical industry effluents

2.      textile industry wastewater

3.      landfill leachates

4.      Conversions in the sulfur cycle and removal of metals.

BHOLA BABA DAIRY GAS PRODUCTION & POWER GENERATION:

STREAM –I :

Process Flow= 900 KLD having COD 3300ppm

Influent COD@ 3300 ppm = 2970 Kg

COD removed in a day (60% reduction) = 1782 kg

Bio gas produced @ 0.1 cu mtr per kg of COD removed = 178.2 cu mtr per day.

Capacity of gas holder:

Provide a gas holder of 200 cu mtr capacity.

POWER GENERATION:

The bio gas produced in UASB process should be utilized for production of electric power. The amount of electric power generated shall be as under:

Bio Gas production = 178.2 cu mtr /day

Methane content (65.75%) = 117.16 cu mtr

Calorific value =28.9 MJ/N.cu mtr

Energy content 117.16x28.9x273/(273+30)=3050.85 MJ/Day

Generator efficiency--- 30%

Electricity generated =0.3x3050.85x1000000/3600x1000

                                                = 254.23

Electric power generated = 254.23x0.04167=10.59 kw  say 10 kw 

                                     = 1.25x 10= 12.5 kva.

STREAM –II :

Mother Liquor= 100 KLD having COD 3,28,000 ppm will be fed to the UASB reactor separately from the 900 kLD flow.

Influent COD@ 3,28,000 ppm = 32800 Kg

COD removed in a day (60% reduction) = 19680 kg

Bio gas produced @ 0.1 cu mtr per kg of COD removed = 1968 cu mtr per day.

Capacity of gas holder:

Provide a gas holder of 2000 cu mtr capacity.

POWER GENERATION:

The bio gas produced in UASB process should be utilized for production of electric power. The amount of electric power generated shall be as under:

Bio Gas production = 1968 cu mtr /day

Methane content (65.75%) = 1293.96 cu mtr

Calorific value =28.9 MJ/N.cu mtr

Energy content 1293.96x28.9x273/(273+30)=33692.92 MJ/Day

Generator efficiency--- 30%

Electricity generated =0.3x33692.92x1000000/3600x1000

                                                = 2807.74

Electric power generated = 2807.74x0.04167=116.99 kw  say110 kw 

                                     = 1.25x 110= 137.5 kva.

TOTAL KW= 10+110 = 120 KW

We can go for a gas engine of capacity 65 KW  If any gas is left , it will be flared or supplied to staff quarters. Before the gas can be supplied, it has to be scrubbed in a scrubber.

Capacity of gas holder:

Provide a gas holder of 2200 cu mtr capacity.

CLARIFIER

UASBR

PANEL BOARD

DAF AND INTAKE

FILTERS

SCRAPPER IN CLARIFIER

FILTERS

DIFFUSERS IN AERATION TANKS

AIR BLOWER

AERATION TANKS

GAS PIPES IN UASBR

OPENING IN UASBR

GAS HOLDER

BIRDS EYE VIEW OF THE PLANT

FLARE STACK FOR GAS FLARING

LABORATORY ROOM

VIDEO OF THE PLANT

  

Our Project photo and Video in our facebook page https://www.facebook.com/envoprojects

Some Of the UASB Projects

NAME OF COMPANY	SCOPE OF WORK	Year
HMA FROZEN FOOD EXPORTS,AGRA	SLAUGHTER HOUSE ETP  WITH UASB,450KLD	2007
AL HAMD FROZEN FOODS, ALIGARH	ETP PROJECT, 200 KLD UASB	2004
Bhola baba Dairy Ind Limited,Aligarh	1 MLD ETP with UASB	2007
SARASWATI SUGAR MILLS,HARYANA	Suger mill ETP Project,UASB,500KLD	1998
Namaste India Dairy, Kanpur, UP	1MLD DAIRY ETP Project with UASB	2010
Malhotra Gelatine and Bones,Unnao	Rendering plant ETP Project with UASB,1MLD	2010
AOV Exports, Unnao,UP	Slaughter House ETP Project with UASB,750KLD	2010
Mash Agro Pvt Ltd, Unnao	Slaughter house ETP with UASB, 1 MLD	2013
Rustam Foods, Unnao, UP	Slaughter house ETP with UASB, 1 MLD	2013
Al Laham Food Exports,Khurja,UP.	Slaughter House ETP with UASB,750 KLD	2014
Al  Huda Frozen Foods, Khurja	Slaughter House ETP with UASB,750 KLD	2014
Al Halal Foods (Link Lock Company),Aligarh	Slaughter House ETP with UASB,1 MLD	2016
Al Ammar Exports, Aligarh	Slaughter House ETP with UASB,600 KLD	2016
Agrotec Foods Ltd, Kanpur	Food processing waste, 200 KLD,UASB	2015
Bholebaba  Dairy,Kanpur	500KLD DAIRY ETP Project with UASB	2016