what is a wastewater treatability study and how does it work?

 what is a wastewater treatability study and how does it work?

A wastewater treatability study is a study or a test that tells us if the wastewater can be treated and how it needs to be treated. If the study is done correctly, it will clearly identify the problem you’re seeing in your wastewater stream, helping ensure the proper treatment solutions are considered.

Let’s just say, for example, that a plant processes metals—maybe a metal plating facility like a chrome plater or zinc plater—and all of the sudden, they realize residual metals are present in their wastewater, which are prohibited to discharge in just about any receiving watershed or municipality.

The company performing the study would start by taking a sample of their wastewater, analyzing it (called a characterization study) so they can identify what they think is the problem through analytical means.

Once the treatability study is complete and the problem is identified, sometimes a plant will opt to test different solutions by initially using some conventional technologies to remove the contaminants from the solution.

Once they establish that they can removed the contaminants successfully, they will then scale up the scope of the technology to sufficiently handle the full scale of the process. 

keep in mind that there is usually more than one treatment available for your problem. A reputable company will perform the treatability study and recommend different solution for you.

Re Uses of Egg shell

Re Uses of Egg shell 

FACTS about egg shells:

• Bio waste chicken eggshells are made of calcium carbonate, which is also the main ingredient in some antacid. Each medium sized egg shell has about 750-800 mgs of calcium.
• The shell makes up 9-12 percent of an egg’s total weight (7 gm)
• Waste eggshells generated by processing industries have the potential to be used as follows
• It can be easily powdered in a coffee grinder machine and re used.

Garden Fertilizer
Eggshells are rich in calcium and other minerals that help your garden thrive. Crush eggshells into tiny pieces and sprinkle into each hole before planting.

If you dunk egg shells in water and let them soak for a day or two, the calcium in the shells dissolves into the water. The water is then infused with calcium and it is great for watering plants, because the calcium helps these plants to grow and contributes to synthesizing the green pigment, which is necessary for plant photosynthesis.

Use them in your organic waste composter

 One thing I have learned CAN go in your composter is powdered egg shell, and is a rich source of calcium and other essential nutrients that plants need.

Use them in your vermicomposting!

If you’re vermicomposting you can feed your little worm workers by reusing your eggshells as worm food! You’ll want to pulverize your eggshells to make the easier for the worms to eat. 

Nourishing Face Mask
Pulverize dried egg shells with a mortar and pestle, then whisk the powder in with an egg white and use for a healthful, skin-tightening facial. Allow the face mask to dry before rinsing it off.

Powerful dish Cleaner
Ground eggshells make a wonderful (and nontoxic!) abrasive for those tough-to-clean pots and pans. Mix them with a little soapy water for a powerful clean.

Make Your Own Powdered Calcium Supplement
Skip the pills and simply bake your shells at 350 degrees for 8 minutes. Let them cool and grind them to a fine powder. Add your supplement (a teaspoon or less) to your favorite smoothie or juice once a day. You can feed the chicken also mixing with its feed.

Remember: if using shells in something you will consume, only use boiled shells, otherwise you run the risk of a salmonella infection.

Re-use of harvested water hyacinth as organic fertilizer through composting

Re-use of harvested water hyacinth as organic fertilizer through composting 

Water Hyacinths: even though this is seen as a harmful plant or sea weed, it has it usefulness when used.

A) Water purifier: Water hyacinths can be used to detoxify water bodies in enclosed areas.

b) Organic manure: It is used in potato cultivation

c)Bio gas plant: More specifically I recall chopping large quantity of water hyacinth for biogas production. It is mixed with the droppings and dung in biogas production.

d) Handicraft: Fiber can be treated and made to rope. Rope artisans can make different items from the rope..

Source: http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015EGUGA..17.1396L

The water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) is an invasive plant that is native of the Amazon basin and whose capacity for growth and propagation causes major conservation problems with considerable socioeconomic repercussions. The greatest damage due to its fast expansion has been in the middle reaches of the River Guadiana in the SW Iberian Peninsula, where was detected in the Autumn of 2004. Due to its rapid expansion, mechanical extraction was carried out by the Confederación Hidrográfica del Guadiana (CHG) of Spain's Ministry of the Environment since the affected zone is an important area of irrigation farming and hydraulic works and this alien plant weed provoked acute social alarm (Ruiz et al., 2008). In this work we used composting and vermicomposting techniques as an environmental alternative to assess the possibilities of biotransformation of the water hyacinth biomass removed mechanically from the Guadiana River Basin (Spain). Four compost piles 1.5 x 10 m size, mechanically tumbled and with no forced ventilation (turning windrows system), were constructed outdoor. Each compost pile was considered as a different treatment: CC1: fresh water hyacinth / wheat straw (1:1 vol/vol); CC2: fresh water hyacinth / sheep manure rich in wheat straw (1:1 vol/vol); CC3: fresh water hyacinth / sheep manure rich in wheat straw (2:1 vol/vol) + Bokachi EM Activator (200 g m-2) to favor the composting process; CC4: fresh water hyacinth / sheep manure rich in wheat straw (1:1 vol/vol) + Bokachi EM Activator (200 g m-2). The vermicomposting process was performed on mesh coated wooden boxes (0.34 m3) covered with a shadow mesh with the aim of harmonizing the environmental conditions. The quantities of water hyacinth biomass used were identical in volume (120 l) but with different state or composition: fresh and chopped biomass (VCF); dry and chopped biomass (VCS); fresh and pre-composted biomass with sheep manure rich in wheat straw (VCP). Identical worm density, irrigation type (microaspersion), irrigation period and vermicomposting process duration (four months) were adopted. Phytotoxicity tests were performed on Lactuca sativa cv. "cuatro estaciones" with the aim of finding the appropriate concentrations to be incorporated to the soil. The composting process required water hyacinth to be crushed, because only chopping made the process very slow. The greatest effectiveness was observed with the vermicomposting trials. In the phytotoxicity tests, the vermicompost extracts did not cause any toxicity at any of the concentrations studied; however, compost extracts obtained in CC1 and CC3 caused problems in root development. Key words: composting, vermicomposting, water hyacinth. References Ruiz T., Martín de Rodrigo E., Lorenzo G., Albano E., Morán R., Sánchez J.M. 2008. The Water Hyacinth, Eichhornia crassipes: an invasive plant in the Guadiana River Basin (Spain). Aquatic Invasions Volume 3, Issue 1: 42-53.